From July 1979 to June 1983, 25 of 40 intravenous drug addicts with systemic infections had Pseudomonas aeruginosa as the etiological agent; by 1982, P. aeruginosa had replaced Staphylococcus aureus as the most common pathogen. At least 21 of the 25 addicts with P. aeruginosa infection abused pentazocine mixed with tripelennamine (commonly known as T's and blues) compared with 6 of 15 addicts i...

The work of Abraham Wikler (1973) over the past three decades has called attention to the importance of conditioned responses in the addictive process. Drugs act as powerful forces in shaping behavior, both by their direct pleasant effects (positive reinforcement) and by their effects in relieving withdrawal symptoms (negative reinforcement). Wikler theorized that the environmental cues which h...

The compliance of 581 drug addicts attending six methadone substitution outpatient clinics was determined over a period of 18 months. Urine from these patients was labeled following oral administration of low molecular weight polyethylene glycols as marker substances. These substances were measured in approx. 5800 urine samples. A protocol for applying marker substances and ways to prevent subs...

Since its inception in 1968, the San Francisco Drug Treatment Program, Inc., has responded to the mental and physical health needs of narcotic addicts. The search for safer, cost-effective detoxification alternatives grew from the controversial use of methadone and propoxyphene napsylate (Darvon N R) and has led to an exploration of nontraditional methods of detoxification which would address t...

studies were undertaken to evaluate content of igg, igm, c3, c4, ch50 and proteines of sera from 53 drug addicts by immunological methods. results shows an increase of igg and no significant variatrion in the level of other ig(s). in the same time we have seen an augmentation of gamma globuline in the protein electrophoresis pattern. the level of c3 and c4 of complement component rest unchanged.

BACKGROUND Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, modulates a number of metabolic processes. Methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) changes the level of hormones produced by adipose tissue in addicts. However, current data remains contradictory. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of MMT on serum adiponectin levels in drug addicts. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-fiv...

Drug addiction is a chronic brain disorder characterized by withdrawal symptoms that occur during drug abstinence and a high tendency of relapse. Compared with the currently available pharmacological interventions, acupuncture therapy has the potential to help drug addicts stay away from drugs without major adverse side effects. It has taken decades of research to optimize the parameters of ele...

Introduction: Addiction is one of the most important psychosocial injuries in our country. Estimation of number of addicts in communities have always been a difficult and and controversies. The aim of the present was to estimation of number of addicts to drug abuse addicts by using capture-recapture method in Ilam city.  Materials & methods: Data were collected by using questionnaire based on ...