with considering importance of post harvest operation on quality criteria of pot marigold (calendula offıcinalis l.), the effect of flower nutrient source (organic inputs such as cattle manure (25 t ha-1), municipal waste compost (20 t ha-1), spent mushroom compost (15 t ha-1), vermicompost (15 t ha-1) and control) as well as different drying methods including microwave (300, 600 and 900 w), ov...

In this work, we tried to evaluate mass transfer during a combined infrared-vacuum drying of kiwifruits. Infrared radiation power (200-300 W) and system pressure (5-15 kPa), as drying parameters, are evaluated on drying characteristics of kiwifruits. Both the infrared lamp power and vacuum pressure affected the drying time of kiwifruit slices. Nine different mathematical models were evaluated f...

Background: Nowadays, colostrum has been known as a considerable and valuable by-product of large-scale dairy production in the world. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of pasteurization, spray-drying and freeze-drying methods on bacterial loads and Immunoglobulin G (IgG) level of bovine colostrums. Methods: Colostrum samples were collected from the first milking pos...

Convective hot air drying of potato slabs and the effects of drying air temperature and slab thickness have been investigated using a batch tray dryer. The temperature of drying chamber varied in four levels (50, 60, 70 and 80°C) and the slab thickness changed in three levels (0.5, 1 and 1.5 m). For the prediction of effective moisture diffusivity (D ), the conventional Fick’s diffusion model w...

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of blanching treatment (98 °C for 3 and 6 min) and air drying temperature of 40, 50 and 60 °C on the thin layer drying characteristics such as drying time, drying rate constant, effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy, as well as on anthocyanin content of black carrot shreds. It was observed that drying temperature affected the dry...

sludge, which is produced as a by-product of all treatment processes, has considerable potential as a fertilizer and soil conditioner. many authorities now discharge the sludge after treatment directly to agricultural land in liquid form, while some others dewater and dry it first. in either case, with proper marketing, it is generally possible for an authority to earn revenue by this means, al...

the canola drying process was investigated using three laboratory scale dryers connected to a computer which continuously recorded the drying processes of each unit. a completely randomized design (crd) with three replications was used for the statistical analysis. the effect of temperature (40°, 50°, 60°c) and air velocity (1, 2 m/s) on the drying kinetics of a monolayer were studied. the effe...

In this study, three agro-waste materials were used as biosorbents for removal of copper (Cu) from water. This work aims to optimise conditions for preparation of these materials to obtain maximum Cu adsorption capacity. The optimal conditions were determined in terms of Cu removal efficiency and/or energy consumption. The results indicate that banana peels dried at 120°C for 2h and ground into...