Chemotherapy for adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) has been reported to fail to induce complete remission because of drug resistance in most patients. We have examined the expression of an ATL-derived factor (ADF)/thioredoxin in relation to resistance to adriamycin (ADM) in various T-cell leukemia cell lines including ATL cell lines. Immunoblot analysis demonstrated that ATL cell lines expressed ADF/...

Adrenomedullin (ADM), initially identified in human pheochromocytoma, participates in a wide range of physiological and pathological processes, including vasorelaxation, angiogenesis and apoptosis. Recent studies have reported that ADM protected tumor cells against apoptotic cell death via the upregulation of Bcl-2 or the activation of the phospha...

Adrenomedullin (ADM) is an angiogenic peptide that has been shown to increase the risk of endometrial hyperplasia and to promote tumor cell survival following hypoxia. ADM may induce microvessel proliferation and partially decrease hypoxia in solid tumors, thus contributing to the proliferation of tumor cells, as well as tumor invasion and metastasis. However, the impact of hypoxia‑induced ADM ...

Exposure of cultured human lymphoblasts to adriamycin (ADM) (0.1 mug/ml for 24 hr or 0.5 mug/ml for 1 hr) leads to an accumulation of cells with the DNA content of late S and G2. Higher concentrations of ADM (0.5 to 10 mug/ml) inhibit cell cycle traverse. Effect of ADM on cell cycle traverse, cell growth, and incorporation of labeled precursors into DNA is dependent on drug concentration and le...

© A m In this first issue of Intensive Care Medicine Experimental, two related studies describe the effects of antibodies directed against adrenomedullin (ADM), a vasoactive peptide that is released from various tissues during systemic inflammation, in murine sepsis. ADM, derived from a larger precursor peptide (pro-ADM), is released into the circulation during systemic inflammation, and the hi...

AIM Besides surgical treatment, systematic chemotherapy plays a crucial role in HCC treatment, especially for patients with advanced HCC. However, none of the single-drug-treatment strategies have shown significant survival benefit due to a high incidence rate of chemoresistance. This study was designed to observe the effect of small interfering of RNA (SiRNA) targeting multidrug resistance-rel...

This paper proposes an efficient approach to compute the prices of American style options in the GARCH framework. Rubinstein’s (1998) Edgeworth tree idea is combined with the analytical formulas for moments of the cumulative return under GARCH developed in Duan et al. (1999, 2002) to yield a simple recombining binomial tree for option valuation in the GARCH context. Since the resulting tree is ...

OBJECTIVE Elevated plasma adrenomedullin (ADM) levels are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the gene encoding ADM (ADM) are associated with plasma ADM levels. The presence of a nuclear factor for interleukin-6 (IL-6) expression binding site in the promoter region of the ADM gene suggests a possible relationship between the expression of the ADM a...

We propose p acket-selective photonic add/drop multiplexing (P-ADM), which can determine the source and de stination addresses in the packet header based upon optical code correlation and its novel application to ultrahighspeed optical data networking in LAN and MAN. It is distinct from conventional wavelength ADM (λ-ADM) in the traffic granularity, in that P-ADM can individually handle the pac...