Two enzymes, dUTP pyrophosphatase and uracil-DNA glycosylase, prevent the misincorporation of uracil into the genome in distinct manners. The atomic structures of these proteins complexed with substrate analogs reveal the structural basis for uracil recognition and suggest a novel mechanism of DNA repair.

Synthetic oligonucleotides prepared from known DNA or amino acid sequences can be used as gene probes for detection of DNA and RNA. Short oligonucleotide probes can discriminate between two sequences which differ by only a single nucleotide (1). Biotin is the most frequently used non-radioactive reporter group for labelling of nucleic acids. Enzymatic and/or chemical synthesis have been used to...

We aimed to investigate the effects of L-NG-monomethyl-arginine on apoptosis articular chondrocytes. 30 rabbits were randomly divided into six groups (n=5). The pathological changes detected by Hematoxylin and Eosin staining. expression levels synovial fluid serum nitric oxide measured. chondrocytes was tested using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay. reconstitut...

mis. 2000. The continued evolution of two-hybrid screening approaches in yeast: how to outwit different preys with different baits. Gene 250:1-14.tions of high efficiency lithium acetate transformation of intact yeast cells using single-stranded nucleic acids as carrier. Yeast 7:253-263. 1999. Evidence that 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase-1 mediates phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase ...

The analysis of transcriptome, which was over the past decade based mostly on microarray technologies, is now being superseded by so-called next generation sequencing (NGS) systems that changed the way to explore entire transcriptome. RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq), one application of NGS, is a powerful tool, providing information not only about the expression level of genes but also further about th...

dUTPase is a dNTP sanitizing enzyme that prevents the appearance of the potentially harmful uracil bases in DNA by hydrolyzing cellular dUTP. This function of dUTPase is found to be essential in many organisms including Drosophila melanogaster. Previously we showed that the expression pattern of dUTPase determines the extent of uracil accumulation in the genome of different tissues. We wished t...

Objective(s): The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of ground black seeds on renal tubular cell apoptosis following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in rats. Materials and Methods: Forty male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into 5 equal groups including Sham, I/R model and three I/R+ black seeds (5, 10 and 20%)-treated groups. I/R groups’ kidneys were subjected to 60 min of isc...

Thymidine depletion is toxic to virtually all actively growing cells. The fundamental mechanism responsible for thymidineless death remains unknown. One event thought to be critical in causing the toxicity of thymidine depletion is a sharp rise in the ratio of dUTP to dTTP and subsequent incorporation of dUTP into DNA. Maneuvers to alter dUTP levels appear to alter the toxicity of thymidine dep...

DNA strand breaks which occur in HL-60 cells as a result of activation of endonuclease during apoptosis induced by cell treatment with the DNA topoisomerase I inhibitor camptothecin and topoisomerase II inhibitors teniposide, 4'-(9-acridinylamino)-3-methanesulfon-m-anisidide, and fostriecin were labeled in situ, in individual fixed and permeabilized cells, with biotinylated dUTP (detected by fl...

Platinum-based chemotherapeutic drugs are widely used as components of combination chemotherapy in the treatment of cancer. One such drug, oxaliplatin, exerts a synergistic effect against advanced colorectal cancer in combination with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and leucovorin. In the p53-proficient colorectal cancer cell line HCT116, oxaliplatin represses the expression of deoxyuridine triphosphatas...