The economic load dispatch (ELD) is one of the most important optimization problems from the view point of power system to derive optimal economy. Classically, it is to Identify the optimal combination of generation level of all generating units which minimizes the total fuel cost while satisfying the load. This classical ELD formulation has been solved by various methods like Lagrange method, ...

Nowadays, demand response programs (DRPs) play an important role in price reduction and reliability improvement. In this paper, an optimal integrated model for the emergency demand response program (EDRP) and dynamic economic emission dispatch (DEED) problem has been developed. Customer’s behavior is modeled based on the price elasticity matrix (PEM) by which the level of DRP is determined for ...

Operating at absolute minimum cost can no longer be the only criterion for dispatching electric power due to increasing concern the environmental consideration. The emission controlled economic dispatch (ECED) problem which accounts for minimization of both fuel cost and emission is a multiple objective function problem. This paper proposed the particle swarm optimisation (PSO) metaheuristic me...