A Workshop was held in Tucson in September 2000 to define a layout for the optics and dewar. Section 3 lists the design goals for the Workshop, and the configuration that emerged is detailed in this document. This includes the overall arrangement, and the details of the optics of the individual Bands. These bands are those defined by Wootten et al. [1] and endorsed with minor adjustment for Ban...

We describe a design for a sideband-separating balanced mixer using four planar single-ended mixer chips connected to the feed horn and LO source by a network of quadrature waveguide hybrids and an in-phase waveguide power divider. The mixer has separate IF output ports for the downconverted signals from the upper and lower RF sidebands, and requires ~14 dB less LO power than a single-ended mix...

The ambition, which launched the health for all movement, was bold. It assumed that enlightened policy could raise the level of health in deprived populations and thus drive overall development. The declaration broadened the medical model to include social and economic factors, and acknowledged that activities in many sectors, including civil society organizations, shaped the prospects for impr...

The submillimeter and millimeter domains are privileged for the exploration of galaxies at high redshift, because of the negative K-correction: the peak of the dust emission at 60-100 microns is red-shifted in these domains. Already blind surveys in blank fields with today instrumentation have discovered in the continuum of the order of one object per square arcmin, with large limitations due t...

ALMA is a privileged instrument to tackle high redshift galaxies , due to the negative K-correction in the millimeter domain. Many dusty star-forming galaxies, invisible in the optical or NIR, will be detected easily through the peak of their emission in the FIR redshifted in the submm between z=10 and z=5. Their mass and dynamics will be determined through the CO lines, together with the effic...

1.0 Introduction The use of "microwave holography" as the primary method of evaluating the ALMA antennas and setting their panels has been the project's baseline for several years. There is a long history of such measurements in radio astronomy (e.g., [3-5]). We are particularly drawing on experience at the NRAO in holographic measurements of the 12 M Telescope, 140 Ft Telescope, and VLA antenn...

We propose a hybrid option for the first local oscillators (LOs) of ALMA in which a direct photonic LO driver is used to drive cold multipliers. The photomixer using NTT uni-travelling carrier photodiode has been demonstrated to have high power of 2 m W at 100 GHz and low amplitude noise of < 7 − 17 K/μW in the frequency range of 98 − 105 GHz. This option simplifies the LO part of the cartridge...

Executives are ‘affiliated’ if they previously worked for their companies’ audit firms. I find most affiliations (71.3%) occur when auditors become employees of audit clients (‘employment affiliations’), but affiliations also arise when companies hire executives’ former CPA firms (‘alma mater affiliations’). Affiliated companies are significantly more likely than unaffiliated companies to recei...

In this memo, we present measured phase drift data of a YIG-tuned oscillator (YTO) multiplied to mmwave frequencies, a prototype of the baseline ALMA LO source. The test setup and analysis algorithms are described. We also discuss phase drift added by mmwave multipliers and power amplifiers, with the conclusion that their contribution is insignificant. Various components and system concepts are...