An investigation of planning obligations is used to explore the political and economic dynamics associated with the interaction between the planning and development processes. A significant widening in the use and scope of planning obligations has occurred in the last ten years. Obligations are used not only to remove physical constraints on development and to mitigate direct development impact...

Economic saving is an elaborate behavior in which the goal of a reward in the future directs planning and decision-making in the present. Here, we measured neural activity while subjects formed simple economic saving strategies to accumulate rewards and then executed their strategies through choice sequences of self-defined lengths. Before the initiation of a choice sequence, prospective activa...

The current economic instability is the result of under regulated markets built on an ideology of free market capitalism and unlimited economic growth. Since the onset of industrialization and conceptualization of economic theories various externalities are not considered as a part of economy. They were assumed to be relatively small and solvable. The consequences that declare an economic model...

We present an improved implementation of the Wagner-Whitin algorithm for economic lot-sizing problems based on the planning-horizon theorem and the Economic- Part-Period concept. The proposed method of this paper reduces the burden of the computations significantly in two different cases. We first assume there is no backlogging and inventory holding and set-up costs are fixed. The second model ...

This chapter seeks to help you understand the concept of social planning and social policy. It will enable you to appreciate the interrelationship between planning, policy and development as the ultimate objective. It will also acquaint you with social planning experience in India since last fifty years, which would help you understand as to how approach and focus of planning and policies have ...

Globalized labor markets confront many adults, both employed and unemployed, with demands arising from career uncertainty that have the potential to jeopardize their occupational planning. This article investigated how individuals in different regions of Germany, which are characterized by different economic opportunities, negotiate such demands to pursue a career. The central hypothesis is tha...