the present study is based on the investigation of a soil hyphomyces, paecilomyces lilacinus, an opportunistic bio-control agent, in controlling root-knot nematode meloidogyne javanica on tomato in greenhouse conditions. p. lilacinus, effectively promoted the growth of plants inoculated with m. javanica by suppressing its pathogenesis as root galling by the nematode and egg mass production was ...

one species of eulophidae, oomyzus sokolowskii (kurdjumov), was collected from larvae of the diamondback moth, plutella xylostella (l.) (lep.: plutellidae). this parasitoid is a major gregarious larval-pupal endoparasitoid of p. xylostella that prefers ovipositing into host larvae but depositing its eggs in host prepupae too. this is the first report of the occurrence of this species from iran.

Temperature was an important factor in growth, development and reproduction of Meloidogyne hapla in lettuce. Growth, as measured by increase in diameter of females, was not appreciably different at the intermediate (21.1 C night and 26.7 C day) and high (26.7 C night and 32.2 C day) temperature regimes, but was considerably less at the low temperature regime (15.5 C night and 21.1 C day) than a...

Daily instantaneous natural mortality rates of marine pelagic fish eggs and larvae are higher than expected from the trend of mortality rate with dry weight in the sea. The difference between observed mortality rates and those predicted from the trend of mortality with dry weight is directly and positively correlated with the patchiness of their spatial distribution, which suggests that it is c...

The mRNA expression of growth hormone (GH) gene in early development stages of Siberian sturgeon was investigated using RT-PCR method. Samples were collected from unfertilized eggs up to 50 days post hatched (dph) larvae in 11 different times. Ribosomal protein L6 (RPL6) transcripts were used as the internal standard during quantification of GH mRNA expression. The results showed that the GH mR...

Mature specimens of the nematode Dichelyne (Cucullanellus) minutus (Rudolphi, 1819) (Ascaridida, Cucullanidae, Seuratoidea) were obtained from the intestine of flounder Platichthys flesus (L.) caught in the Oresund, Denmark. Plaice Pleuronectes platessa L. and common goby Pomatoschistus microps (Kröyer) also harbour this species. The eggs embryonate on the seabottom. Larvae about 440 microm lon...

The present work investigated the behavior, survival rate and lethal effect of 1.5 ppb ivermectin on Culex quinquefasciatus larvae, based on morphological and biological parameters, and possible alterations of their fat body. Changes in the number of eggs/egg mass and length of the larval stage were investigated. For this experiment, 600 larvae of 3 and 4 instars of the mosquito were tested. Th...

introduction: spirochetes of borrelia can be visualized directly in infected ticks by dark-field microscopy. inoculation of in phosphate buffered saline (pbs) suspension of ground argasid soft ticks to susceptible animals or allowing the ticks to feed on the same species followed by microscopic examination of the animals’ blood have also been practiced. with the advent of molecular methods and ...

The use of RNA interference (RNAi) to assess gene function has been demonstrated in several three-host tick species but adaptation of RNAi to the one-host tick, Boophilus microplus, has not been reported. We evaluated the application of RNAi in B. microplus and the effect of gene silencing on three tick-protective antigens: Bm86, Bm91 and subolesin. Gene-specific double-stranded (dsRNA) was inj...