In cases in which there is no standard orthography for a language or language variant, written texts will display a variety of orthographic choices. This is problematic for natural language processing (NLP) because it creates spurious data sparseness. We study the transformation of spontaneously spelled Egyptian Arabic into a conventionalized orthography which we have previously proposed for NL...

The objective of this study is to establish the effects of age, gender, and education and to provide preliminary normative data for letter and category fluency tasks in the Egyptian Arabic-speaking population. We evaluated 139 cognitively healthy volunteers aged 20-93 by adapting the letter and category verbal fluency tasks for the Egyptian population. On the letter fluency task, mean number of...

Three experiments explore how American (N = 102) and Egyptian (N = 73) preschoolers’ inferences about expertise are affected by an expert’s gender and occupation. Children viewed a nurse and a car mechanic in a gender stereotypical (female nurse, male mechanic) or counterstereotypical (female mechanic, male nurse) presentation and indicated who would know more about profession-related informati...

F people would be unfamiliar with the iconic eye make-up of the ancient Egyptians. Modern perceptions that the Egyptians used the substance known as kohl for purely cosmetic purposes are not correct. Data from recent studies provide a profound insight into this previously little understood aspect of Egyptian cosmetics and their preparation. Various scientifi c studies have produced detailed ana...

This study sought to explore the sex and cultural differences in satisfaction with life between undergraduate men and women recruited from four Arab countries, i.e., Egypt, Kuwait, Lebanon, and Qatar (N = 1,322); ages ranged from 18 to 27 years. The participants responded to the Arabic version of the Satisfaction with Life Scale. Egyptian and Lebanese women obtained significantly higher mean sc...

This paper proposes a methodology for generating a stopword list from online social network (OSN) corpora in Egyptian Dialect (ED). The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of removing ED stopwords on the Sentiment Analysis (SA) task. The stopwords lists generated before were on Modern Standard Arabic (MSA) which is not the common language used in OSN. We have generated a stopword list...

Accelerated changes are taking place in the food habits of the present day Egyptians. Examples are drawn from foods that continue to be consumed by those considered guardians of the Egyptian tradition (Coptic Christians and isolated farming communities) and from interpretation of archaeological evidence. Recent decades have witnessed the progressive erosion of the traditional Egyptian diet and ...

Pharaoh Amenophis IV (Amenhotep IV), also known as Akhenaten, is the most mysterious person in Egyptian history and he still remains the object of academic argues. This revolutionary king introduced a new concept in Egyptian religion and arts. It is still unexplained if images of him and his family were just an artistic outbreak from old Egyptian canon or an excellent paleopathological study. S...

Introduction: More than one third of travelers to developing countries report health problems when traveling. The Egyptian Ministry of Health reports the occurrence of 400 cases of malarial infection yearly among Egyptian travelers. This article aimed to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) of Egyptian travelers towards infectious diseases, vaccination, and malari...