The electric spark caused by pantograph-catenary (PC) electrical contact failure happens frequently, it is a kind of arcing phenomenon which can severely affect the current collection PC. theoretical analysis and modelling PC are tried. First, spots between their temperature rise analysed derived based on classical theory, respectively. mechanism discharge revealed through voltage difference, m...

We consider the thunderstorm (TC) activity on the base of a cellular automaton model on tree-dimensional lattice. Each site of the lattice is related to a time-dependent scalar that characterises potential of the point. In our model the potential differences between the neighbouring sites are growing due to the instability effects. The potential difference growth is limited by some critical val...

Spark is a new promising platform for scalable data-parallel computation. It provides several high-level application programming interfaces (APIs) to perform parallel data aggregation. Since execution of parallel aggregation in Spark is inherently non-deterministic, a natural requirement for Spark programs is to give the same result for any execution on the same data set. We present PURESPARK, ...

Ca(+) sparks are vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) Ca(2+)-release events that are mediated by ryanodine receptors (RyR) and promote vasodilation by activating large-conductance Ca(2+)-activated potassium channels and inhibiting myogenic tone. We have previously reported that exposing rats to intermittent hypoxia (IH) to simulate sleep apnea augments myogenic tone in mesenteric arteries through...

The concept of minimum ignition energy (MIE) has traditionally formed the basis for studying ignition hazards of fuels. However, the viewpoint of ignition as a statistical phenomenon appears to be more consistent with the inherent variability in engineering test data. We have developed a very low-energy capacitive spark ignition system to produce short sparks with fixed lengths of 1 to 2 mm, an...

The sensory experience commonly referred to as a prick is of great interest, not because of its intrinsic importance, but because of the information about sensory mechanisms which can be obtained from its study. In this paper observations on the ability to localize the sensation of prick are reported and compared with the power of touch localization. The elicitation of the sensation of prick by...

A survey of the development of the spark chamber from the spark counter is given. An effort has been made to clarify the early history of the device. Some unpublished recent Russian work on spark chambers is summarized. A consistent terminology for the various times relevant to spark chamber operation is suggested.

The coupling between seismic and electromagnetic waves in a fluid-saturated porous medium is essentially controlled by the electrokinetic effect. The inverse effect of the seismoelectric conversion, the electroseismic conversion, is investigated experimentally in the laboratory. The electric field induces movement of the ions in a pore fluid relative to the solid matrix. The interaction between...