INTRODUCTION Muhiphase reactors with fixed beds of catalyst particles contacted by either cocurrent downflow (Trickle-Bed Reactors) or cocurrent upflow (Packed Bed Column) of gas and liquid, are widely used in petroleum, petrochemical and chemical industries, environmental, biochemical and electrochemical processing, etc In many cases the gaseous reactant is sparingly soluble in the liquid phas...

• Spiral microstructures were designed to enhance mass transfer by forced vortex. Li extraction rate was greatly increased the spiral-microstructured reactor. An off-grid solar power system demonstrated drive SMER extract Li. TEA results show a production cost of $28.55/kg, well below market price ($70.99/kg). Electrochemical lithium (Li) from low-grade salt lake brine, when powered renewables,...

Background: Electro-oxidation is developed as an electrochemical method to overcome the problems of  the conventional  decolorization technologies and is an appropriate alternative for the treatment of colored wastewater from various industries. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of the electrochemical oxidation process in  removal  of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Acid...