Outer-membrane c-type cytochrome (OM c-Cyt) complexes in several genera of iron-reducing bacteria, such as Shewanella and Geobacter, are capable of transporting electrons from the cell interior to extracellular solids as a terminal step of anaerobic respiration. The kinetics of this electron transport has implications for controlling the rate of microbial electron transport during bioenergy or ...

Accurate quantification of pelagic primary production is essential for quantifying the marine carbon turnover and the energy supply to the food web. Knowing the electron requirement (Κ) for carbon (C) fixation (ΚC) and oxygen (O2) production (ΚO2), variable fluorescence has the potential to quantify primary production in microalgae, and hereby increasing spatial and temporal resolution of measu...

BACKGROUND Etravirine (ETR) was approved for patients with virological failure and antiretroviral resistance mutations. It has also shown antiviral efficacy in antiretroviral-naïve patients. However, data on the switching from protease inhibitors (PI) to ETR are lacking. METHODS HIV-1-infected patients with suppressed viral load (VL) during a PI-containing regimen (>12 months) and no previous...

BACKGROUND Although new Pegylated Interferon is available, yet the conventional Interferon with the combination of Ribavirin is still the therapy of choice to treat the Hepatitis C patients. This study was conducted to investigate the response of different HCV genotypes in different age groups of chronic Hepatitis C patients treated with conventional Interferonα-2b (IFNα-2b) plus Ribavirin (RBV...

In this study, four typical urban landscaping tree species were selected, three open top air chambers with different ozone concentrations set, and the responses of chlorophyll fluorescence, content relative conductivity trees to stress studied. The results showed that increase in concentration, maximum photochemical efficiency, electron transfer quantum yield, rate (ETR) decreased significantly...

BACKGROUND A sensitive, phenotypic reverse transcriptase (RT)-based drug susceptibility assay for the detection of etravirine (ETR) resistance in patient isolates was developed and compared with the results from direct sequencing and ultra-deep pyrosequencing (UDPS). METHODS Samples were obtained from 15 patients with antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure and from five non-nucleoside reverse t...

Data are presented which reveal that ubiquinone (Q)-mediated electron transport is a multicollisional, obstructed, long-range diffusion process, where factors that affect the rate of lateral diffusion also affect the rate of electron transport. Based on fluorescence recovery after photobleaching measurements, it was concluded that Q-mediated electron transport occurs by the random collision of ...

To examine the combined effects of phosphorus (P) nutrition and CO2 on photosynthesis, chlorophyll fluorescence (CF), and nutrient utilization and uptake, two controlled-environment experiments were conducted using 0.01, 0.05 and 0.20 mM external phosphate each at ambient and elevated CO2 (aCO2: 400 and eCO2: 800 mmol mol –1, respectively). The CF parameters were affected more by P nutrition th...

The authors examine the connection between electron transport under bias in a junction and nonadiabatic intramolecular electron transfer (ET). It is shown that under certain assumptions it is possible to define a stationary current that allows the computation of the intramolecular transfer rate using the same formalism that is employed in the description of transport. They show that the nonequi...