We expand on our earlier work R. G. Leigh et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 46404 2007 in which we constructed the exact low energy theory of a doped Mott insulator by explicitly integrating rather than projecting out the degrees of freedom far away from the chemical potential. The exact low energy theory contains degrees of freedom that cannot be obtained from projective schemes. In particular, a c...

This paper investigates the amount of doping concentration in silicon semiconductor using optical principle.  Both donor and acceptor impurities of n type and p-type silicon semiconductor materials are computed at wavelength of 1550 nm. During the computation of donor and acceptor impurities, both reflection and absorption losses are considered. Theoretical result showed that transmitted intens...

Photocatalytic reduction of carbon dioxide to formaldehyde was investigated on four semiconductor photocatalysts (FeS, FeS/FeS2, NiO and TiO2). The reaction was carried out in continues flow of CO2 gas bubbled into the reactor. Semiconductor photocatalysts were characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) and Diffuse Reflectance Spectroscopic (DRS) methods. Sulfide ion was used as hole scavenger. T...

Magnetic nanoparticles embedded into semiconductors have current perspectives for use in semiconducting spintronics. In this work, 40 keV Fe+ ions were implanted high fluences of (0.5 ÷ 1.5) × 1017 ion/cm2 an oxide semiconductor and single-crystalline TiO2 plates rutile structure with (100) or (001) face orientations. Microstructure, elemental-phase composition, magnetic properties the Fe-ion-i...

Brain complexity varies across many orders of magnitude between animals, and it is often assumed that complexity underpins cognition. It is thus important to explore the cognitive capacity of widely used model organisms such as Drosophila. We systematically investigated the fly's ability to learn discriminations involving compound olfactory stimuli associated with shock. Flies could distinguish...

The present study proposes a simple synthesis technique for producing bunsenite cadmium oxide nanoparticles. A variety of techniques were used to determine the structure, morphology, elemental content, and optical properties samples’ XRD spectra at 500 °C above confirmed presence cubic structures. crystallite size was increased from 29 nm 62 as calcined temperature 800 °C. dispersion particles ...

The use of colored semiconductor oxide like copper (II) oxide and nickel (II) oxide for photocatalytic bleaching of rose bengal was investigated in detail. In order to harness the solar energy, the effective wavelength of the photocatalyst is to be expanded into the visible region and that increases the rate of photocatalytic bleaching of the dye. Progress of the reaction was observed spect...