The extramatrical mycelia (EMM) of ectomycorrhizal fungi make up a large proportion of the microbial diversity and biomass in temperate forest soils. Thus, their response to elevated CO(2) can have large effects on plant nutrient acquisition and carbon movement through forests. Here, the effects of CO(2) and nitrogen (N) fertilization on EMM biomass and community structure in Pinus taeda forest...

This paper investigates the scattering of oblique water waves by multiple thin barriers over undulation bottoms using eigenfunction matching method (EMM). In solution procedures EMM, bottom topographies are sliced into shelves separated steps. On each step, surface-piercing or/and bottom-standing can be presented or not. For shelf, is composed eigenfunctions with unknown coefficients representi...

BACKGROUND This study was designed to define myocardial viability and establish practical cut-off values for differentiating normal myocardial tissue from subendocardial and transmural scar tissue by using electromechanical mapping (EMM). We validated our results by delayed-enhancement cardiac MRI (DE-MRI). METHODS AND RESULTS We prospectively studied 15 ambulatory patients with stable corona...

Profile models based on Hidden Markov Models (HMM) for sequence studies have gained visibility among researchers. While the mathematical foundation, the proven algorithms such as Viterbi, Forward and Backward algorithms have certainly provided a rigorous probabilistic platform, the requirement of classic alignment has ensured an extremely high time complexity. We propose the use of another kind...

Group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections remain a significant health care problem due to high morbidity and mortality associated with GAS diseases, along with their increasing worldwide prevalence. Macrophages play a key role in the control and clearance of GAS infections. Moreover, pro-inflammatory cytokines production and GAS persistence and invasion are related. In this study we investigated t...

UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to examine the gene transfer potential of mef(A)-containing Tn120.3 to macrolide-susceptible Streptococcus pyogenes belonging to different emm types. Using the filter mating technique, Tn1207.3 was transferred by conjugation to 23 macrolide-susceptible recipients representing 11 emm types. PCR analysis confirmed the presence of the mef(A) gene and the comEC ...

PURPOSE To describe the anatomical and visual outcomes in a series of patients undergoing two-port pars plana vitrectomy reoperation under silicone oil for recurrent retinal detachment (RD) due to proliferative vitreoretinopathy or epimacular membrane (EMM) after RD repair. METHODS This study is a prospective, consecutive, interventional case series of patients presenting with recurrent RD or...

BACKGROUND Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is an uncommon but life-threatening disease caused by Streptococcus pyogenes. METHODS To understand the clinical and molecular characteristics of STSS, we analyzed clinical data and explored the emm types, superantigen genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis of causative S. pyogenes isolates obtained between 2005 and 2012. RESULTS In ...