Purpose: To determine whether enablement was a moderator of the effect chronic back and knee pain on health-related quality life (HRQOL). Methods: This cross-sectional study 1319 Chinese primary care patients with problems who completed Patient Enablement Instrument-2 (PEI-2), Western Ontario McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Pain Rating Scale (PRS). Multivariable regression exa...

The authors discuss supervisory control of probabilistic discrete-event systems in this paper. Supervisors for such systems will take probabilities of event occurrences into consideration in making control decisions. The authors introduce a new concept called “ -containment of a given language” and subsequently study its algebraic properties. They discuss standard supervisor (with only enableme...

This paper describes current efforts in developing an annotation schema and guidelines for sentences in Episodic Logic (EL). We focus on important distinctions for representing modality, attitudes, and tense and present an annotation schema that makes these distinctions. EL has proved competitive with other logical formulations in speed and inference-enablement, while expressing a wider array o...

This paper presents new results from a detailed study of the structure of autocatalytic sets. We show how autocatalytic sets can be decomposed into smaller autocatalytic subsets, and how these subsets can be identified and classified. We then argue how this has important consequences for the evolvability, enablement, and emergence of autocatalytic sets. We end with some speculation on how all t...

Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) is a consistent standardization e ort of the Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) to cope with an environment of pervasive sensor networks. The standards suite is web service centric and de nes a number of XML schemas to be used in information exchange. Here we report about an experiment to replace a conventionally programmed web service with one which uses a semantic ne...

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) technology has great potential to revolutionize many science and engineering domains. We present a novel environmental monitoring system with a focus on the overall system architecture for seamless integration of wired and wireless sensors for long-term, remote, and near-real-time monitoring. We also present a unified framework for sensor data collection, manageme...

This paper describes the frameworks, developed for the HYDRA Middleware Project, providing semantic security for a middleware supporting intelligent networked embedded systems based on a service-oriented architecture, deployable on both new and existing networks of distributed wireless and wired devices. This includes frameworks for policy-based Access Control, and Context-awareness. This paper...

In this paper, the innovations in device design of gate-all-around (GAA) nanosheet FET are reviewed. These span enablement multiple threshold voltages and bottom dielectric isolation addition to impact channel geometry on overall performance. Current scaling challenges for GAA FETs reviewed discussed. Finally, an analysis future required continue technologies is

Enablement of land administration with Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is heading toward e-Land Administration (e-LA): the transformation of land administration through the use of ICT. Existing initiatives include providing land information on line, electronic conveyancing, digital lodgement of survey plans, and online access to survey plan information. Thus far, implementation o...