In this paper Malmquist productivity index(MPI) for decision making unit(DMU) with interval data has been evaluated.A method for assessing Malmquist productivity index using cost efficiency also has been developed.The applicability of the methods developed is illustrated in the context of the analysis of groups of teaching of university performance.

Productivity, to some extent, is a by-product of all video games: game players are constantly forced to be productive with their avatars, making the best of in-game resources. Productive play also often comes from games such as Wii Fit and Brain Age: these are video games that offer real world productivity in exchange for play. Additionally, other researchers (some on this panel) have examined ...

Whether it be a rugby team or a rescue crew, ensuring peak group performance is a primary goal during collective activities. In reality, however, groups often suffer from productivity losses that can lead to less than optimal outputs. Where researchers have focused on this problem, inefficiencies in the way team members coordinate their efforts has been identified as one potent source of produc...

Both theory and evidence suggest that diversity stabilises productivity in herbaceous plant communities through a combination of overyielding, species asynchrony and favourable species interactions. However, whether these same processes also promote stability in forest ecosystems has never been tested. Using tree ring data from permanent forest plots across Europe, we show that aboveground wood...

Although precipitation interannual variability is projected to increase due to climate change, effects of changes in precipitation variance have received considerable less attention than effects of changes in the mean state of climate. Interannual precipitation variability effects on functional diversity and its consequences for ecosystem functioning are assessed here using a 6-year rainfall ma...