most of the contour detection methods suffers from some drawbacks such as noise, occlusion of objects, shifting, scaling and rotation of objects in image which they suppress the recognition accuracy. to solve the problem, this paper utilizes zernike moment (zm) and pseudo zernike moment (pzm) to extract object contour features in all situations such as rotation, scaling and shifting of object i...

Spectrum sensing is the main feature of cognitive radio technology. Spectrum sensing gives an idea of detecting the presence of the primary users in a licensed spectrum. The dynamic threshold energy detection is proposed in this paper for the spectrum sensing of Cognitive Radio. The proposed dynamic energy scheme depends on the current state of the primary user. Depending on this, dynamic thres...

This paper presents a hierarchical cluster-based IDS architecture for Mobile Ad-hoc NETworks (MANETs) that considers the mobility and energy of nodes in the cluster formation in order to improve detection accuracy and reduce energy consumption. The proposed architecture adopts and enhances the Mobility and Energy Aware Clustering Algorithm (MEACA), which is the most appropriate for IDS in MANET...

Spectrum sensing, the problem of detecting the presence of licensed user in the channel is considered in this paper. Energy detection is best suited for the spectrum sensing when prior knowledge about the primary users is unavailable. Existing works report improved versions of energy detection which primarily focuses on maximizing the detection performance. Sensing error minimization is an impo...

Cognitive radio (CR) is designed to detect available frequency bands/channels. Spectrum sensing plays a critical role in CR with energy detection being the most common method. In our paper, we implement energy detection using GNU Radio and USRP boards as a test-bed. Specifically, energy detection is performed by using blocks in GNU Radio Companion (GRC) to calculate the energy of a present sign...

Spectrum sensing is a key component for cognitive radio technology. Cognitive users allow smart dynamic access schemes to use vacant holes and detects the same without any interference to primary users. Due to which the frequency band assignment is not handed over from secondary users to primary users, and thus, primary users might not be able to access and use the radio network. There are vari...

The Mediator complex was originally discovered in yeast, but it is conserved in all eukaryotes. Its best-known function is to regulate RNA polymerase II-dependent gene transcription. Although the mechanisms by which the Mediator complex regulates transcription are often complicated by the context-dependent regulation, this transcription cofactor complex plays a pivotal role in numerous biologic...

The anomaly cancellation condition of the Standard Model may be unnatural in theories with extra dimensions as an anomaly of a low-energy 4-dimensional theory can be canceled by an inflow from a bulk. This inflow may give rise to an observable effect at low energies. We analyze several physical models in which this effect exists and estimate constraints on its value, imposed by the modern exper...

Binding-induced biomolecular switches are used throughout nature and, increasingly, throughout biotechnology for the detection of chemical moieties and the subsequent transduction of this detection into useful outputs. Here we show that the thermodynamics of these switches are quantitatively described by a simple 3-state population-shift model, in which the equilibrium between a nonbinding, non...