Energy consumption constraints on computing systems are more important than ever. Maintenance costs for high performance systems are limiting the applicability of processing devices with large dissipation power. New solutions are needed to increase both the computation capability and the power efficiency. Moreover, energy efficient applications should balance performance vs. consumption. Theref...

Introduction ................................................ 948 Colliding Linac Design ...................................... 948 2.1 Luminosity ........................................ 949 2.2 Disruption ........................................ 951 2.3 Beamstrahlung ..................................... 952 2.4 Cavity loading ..................................... 953 2.5 A 50-TeV Parameter L...

Free energy calculations are fundamental to obtaining accurate theoretical estimates of many important biological phenomena including hydration energies, protein-ligand binding affinities and energetics of conformational changes. Unlike traditional free energy perturbation and thermodynamic integration methods, k-dynamics treats the conventional ‘‘k’’ as a dynamic variable in free energy simula...

A selection of unfolding methods commonly used in High Energy Physics is compared. The methods discussed here are: bin-by-bin correction factors, matrix inversion, template fit, Tikhonov regularisation and two examples of iterative methods. Two procedures to choose the strength of the regularisation are tested, namely the L-curve scan and a scan of global correlation coefficients. The advantage...

High Performance Computing (HPC) resources have become the key actor for achieving more ambitious challenges in many disciplines. In this step beyond, an explosion on the available parallelism and the use of special purpose processors are crucial. With such a goal, the HPC4E project applies new exascale HPC techniques to energy industry simulations, customizing them if necessary, and going beyo...

We will prove the equivalence of three methods, so called energy methods, for establishing the stability of an equilibrium point for a dynamical system. We will illustrate through examples that this result simplifies enormously the amount of computations especially when the stability can not be decided with one of the three methods.

The presence of dark energy in the Universe is inferred directly from the accelerated expansion of the Universe, and, indirectly, from measurements of cosmic microwave background ~CMB! anisotropy. Dark energy contributes about two-thirds of the critical density, is smoothly distributed, has large negative pressure, and is very mysterious. For now, all of its discernible cosmological consequence...

A comparison of chain-of-states based methods for finding minimum energy pathways (MEPs) is presented. In each method, a set of images along an initial pathway between two local minima is relaxed to find a MEP. We compare the nudged elastic band (NEB), doubly nudged elastic band, string, and simplified string methods, each with a set of commonly used optimizers. Our results show that the NEB an...

Knowledge of whole-body energy expenditure is important if we are to make accurate estimates of energy requirements for optimum health and performance in man and optimum health, performance and production in animals. Energy requirements vary with nutritional, genetic and environmental influences and these can interact in complex ways, therefore it is necessary to isolate and identify specific f...

assume H : Rn → R is an invariant or the energy of the system, and that we have f(y) = S∇H(y) with S an n× n, skew-symmetric matrix1. To derive energy-preserving numerical integration methods for these problems one can use discrete gradient techniques, [5], [7]. Such methods rely on appropriate approximations of∇H(y) and S (in the case S depends on y), and in general can not be expanded in a B-...