Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Occupational Environmental Research Center, Rafsanjan Medical School, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, IR Iran Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Mazandaran, Sari, IR Iran Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Addiction Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sc...

a Health and Social Surveys Research Group, Epidemiology and Public Health, UCL, United Kingdom b Centre for Transport Studies, Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, UCL, United Kingdom c Space Syntax Lab, The Bartlett School of Architecture, UCL, United Kingdom d Extreme Citizen Science (ExCiteS) Research Group, Civil, Environmental and Geomatic Engineering, UCL, United Kingdom e Leon...

1 Department of Epidemiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 2 Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI. 3 Division of General Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY. 4 Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA. 5 Department of Epidemiology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins Universit...

Department of Medicine and Public Health, Unit of Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Verona, University of Verona, Verona, Italy (Olivieri) Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA (Mirabelli) Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology, Barcelona, Spain (Antó, Ko...

A biomarker is a measurable event occurring in a biological system, such as the human body. In environmental epidemiology, a biomarker represents a subclinical and reversible change; it is not a diagnostic test, but an indicator that an early change has occurred that could later lead to clinical disease. Although some biomarkers may belong to more than one class, they are often separated into b...

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Affiliations Department of Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, 10 Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Kita-ku, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, 401 Park Drive, 3-112-12 East, Boston, MA 02215, USA Department of Environmental Epidemiology, Okayama University Graduate School of 15 Environm...

influenza A virus, and hepatitis E virus among industrial hog operation workers Christopher Heaney, MS, PhD; Nora Pisanic, PhD; Maya Nadimpalli, MS; Jessica Rinsky; David Love, PhD; Keeve Nachman, PhD; Trish M. Perl, MD, MSc, FIDSA, FSHEA; Steve Wing, PhD; Jill Stewart, PhD; Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD...

Jennifer S. Smith*, Urban Kumlin, Fredrik Nyberg, Cristina Fortes, David Zaridze, Wolfgang Ahrens, Irene Bruske-Hohlfeld, Vali Constantinescu, Jie Ting, Simone Benhamou, Lorenzo Simonato, Jens Boman, Valerie Gaborieau and Paolo Boffetta Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC Department of Virology, University of Umeå, Umeå, Sweden Institute of Environmental Me...

Epidemiologists and environmental health researchers have a joint responsibility to acquire scientific knowledge that matters to public health and to apply the knowledge gained in public health practice. We examine the nature and source of these social responsibilities, discuss a debate in the epidemiological literature on roles and responsibilities, and cite approaches to environmental justice...