Apple pomace which is the main waste of fruit juice industry was utilized to extract pectins in an environmentally friendly way, which was then compared with chemically-extracted pectins. The water-based extraction with combined physical and enzymatic treatments produced pectins with 693.2 mg g(-1) galacturonic acid and 4.6% yield, which were less than those of chemically-extracted pectins. Che...

A mixture of fatty acids ethyl esters (FAEE), rich in short chain fatty acids, was produced and extracted in a combined reaction – extraction system, integrated by the use of supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). In this processing unit milk fat was partially converted to FAEE by enzymatic alcoholysis. Simultaneously, the lighter FAEE were extracted from the product mixture by flowing scCO2. Th...

In order to evaluate the effects of different pretreatments on microbial transformation of saponins in Dioscorea zingiberensis (DZW), various methods have been systematically studied on a large scale. Five pretreatments, including physical separation, catalytic solvent extraction, ultrasonic fermentation, complex enzymatic hydrolyzation and enzymatic saccharification, were performed on DZW. Com...

Four food-grade enzyme preparations (Citrozym CEO and Ultra L, Peclyve EP and LI) with pectinolytic, cellulolytic and hemicellulolytic activities were investigated to assess their suitability for improving lycopene recovery from tomato peels. After a preliminary screening, the influence of solvent type and enzyme incubation time on the extraction efficiency was studied. Under the best condition...

Several chemical and enzymatic properties were examined in the DNA extracted from dry remains of soft tissues that vary in age from 4 to 13,000 years and represent four species, including two extinct animals (the marsupial wolf and giant ground sloth). The DNA obtained was invariably of a low average molecular size and damaged by oxidative processes, which primarily manifest themselves as modif...

Portable electronic devices are negatively impacted by energy and power density limitations of current lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Architectures or materials for faster ion and electron transport are required. Since the diffusion time of ions is somewhat proportional to the square of the diffusion distance, the use of a nanoporous 3D nanocarbon-based electrode that is characterized by short d...