In this work, mixed-mode silica particles functionalized with octyl and sulfonic acid groups was conveniently prepared by co-bonding a mixture of n-octyltriethoxysilane and 3-mercaptopropyltriethoxysilane and then oxidized with hydrogen peroxide. Candida rugosa lipase (CRL) was immobilized on the mixed-mode silica particles via hydrophobic and strong cation-exchange interaction. The resulting i...

Medium-chain fatty acids (MCFA) have attracted attention as part of a healthy diet, because they are absorbed and transported directly into the liver via the portal vein, metabolized rapidly by beta-oxidation, and increase diet-induced thermogenesis. Because medium-chain triacylglycerols (MCT) containing only MCFA has a few weak points as frying oils, we have developed medium- and long-chain tr...

The use of ionic liquids (ILs) as organocatalysts is reviewed for transesterification reactions, specifically for the conversion of nontoxic compounds such as dialkyl carbonates to both linear mono-transesterification products or alkylene carbonates. An introductory survey compares pros and cons of classic catalysts based on both acidic and basic systems, to ionic liquids. Then, innovative gree...

*Correspondence: Peer M. Schenk, Algae Biotechnology Laboratory, School of Agriculture and Food Sciences, The University of Queensland, Level 5, John Hines Building, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia e-mail: [email protected] Microalgal lipid recovery for biodiesel production is currently considered suboptimal, but pre-treatment of algal biomass, the use of solvent mixtures and the positioning of ...

Microalgae have been receiving worldwide attention as promising feedstock for production of carbon neutral biodiesel. As an alternative fuel, biodiesel is very imperative for the sustainable development of mankind. Biodiesel production process is generally carried out through upstream and downstream processing to generate cellular biomass, extracted oil and finally transesterification reaction....

The cost of biodiesel production relies on feedstock cost. Edible oil is unfavorable as a biodiesel feedstock because of its expensive price. Thus, non-edible crop oil, waste oil, and microalgae oil have been considered as alternative resources. Non-edible crop oil and waste cooking oil are more suitable for enzymatic transesterification because they include a large amount of free fatty acids. ...

Increase in volume of biodiesel production in the world scenario proves that biodiesel is accepted as an alternative to conventional fuel. Production of biodiesel using alkaline catalyst has been commercially implemented due to its high conversion and low production time. For the product and process development of biodiesel, enzymatic transesterification has been suggested to produce a high pur...

Enzymatic mode of biodiesel production has recently gained a special attention among researchers because it eliminates the disadvantages of alkaline process such as end product recovery, waste water treatment, energy intensive and etc. Recently, considerable attention has paid in the direct use of intracellular lipase as a whole-cell biocatalyst (i.e immobilization of the enzyme secreting micro...

The concurrent effects of two enzyme inhibitors have been analysed previously with the Yonetani-Theorell plot to obtain insight into the interactions between bound inhibitors. This procedure, like many other traditional graphical methods in enzymology, is based on the estimation of intersecting tendencies in a family of lines. In a recent paper from this laboratory [Chan (1995) Biochem. J. 311,...

The halogenases are a group of enzymes that have only come to the fore over the last 10 years thanks to the discovery and characterization of several novel representatives. They have revealed the fascinating variety of distinct chemical mechanisms that nature utilizes to activate halogens and introduce them into organic substrates. Computational studies using a range of approaches have already ...