The COVID-19 pandemic has disrupted life throughout the world. Newly developed vaccines promise relief to people who live in high-income countries, although and expensive new treatments are unlikely arrive time help low-and middle-income countries. pathogenesis of is characterized by endothelial dysfunction. Several widely available drugs like statins, ACE inhibitors (ACEIs) angiotensin recepto...

Since the introduction of the first angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI), captopril, in 1981, ACEIs have become a mainstay of antihypertensive therapy. In addition to lowering blood pressure, there is overwhelming evidence that ACEIs (and angiotensin receptor blockers) provide end-organ protection independent of their blood pressure–lowering properties in diseases such as congestive h...

IMPORTANCE Although several studies have shown that use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) potentially decreased amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) risk in animal models, to our knowledge, there has been no human study in the literature discussing this issue. OBJECTIVE To investigate the association between the use of ACEIs and the risk for developing ALS. DESIGN, SETTING,...

The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), an important regulator of blood pressure and mediator of hypertension-related complications, is a prime target for cardiovascular drug therapy. Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) were the first drugs to be used to block the RAAS. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) have also been shown to be equally effective for treatment. Alth...

BACKGROUND Good evidence exists to support the use of secondary prevention medications (aspirin, statins, beta-blockers and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs)) and smoking cessation in patients after acute coronary syndromes (ACSs). Little is currently known about adherence to medication and smoking behaviour after discharge in South Africa....

Sir, Acute renal failure is a well known complication after treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin II antagonists w1,2x and usually resolves after rehydration and withdrawal of diuretics. Thrombosis of the renal arteries in association with acute renal failure during ACEI therapy is unusual and may be causally related to severe hypotension w3,4x. We repor...

Hyperglycaemia up-regulates intracellular AngII (angiotensin II) production in cardiac myocytes, effects of which are blocked more effectively by renin inhibition than ARBs (angiotensin receptor blockers) or ACEis (angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors). In the present study, we determined whether renin inhibition is more effective at preventing diabetic cardiomyopathy than an ARB or ACEi. D...

HYPOTENSION, SOMETIMES REFRACTORY, is a well-recognized phenomenon associated with the administration of general anesthesia in patients who have angiotensin-axis blockade (AAB) because of the administration of either angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs).1 Hypotension in such patients usually occurs within 30 minutes of the induction of anesthe...

OBJECTIVES To determine whether there is greater risk of initiation of oxybutynin to treat urinary incontinence (UI) after initiation of medicines reported to be associated with UI. DESIGN Prescription sequence symmetry analysis (PSSA). SETTING Administrative claims data from the Australian Government Department of Veterans' Affairs. PARTICIPANTS Individuals who initiated oxybutynin and a...

Hypertension (HTN) is an important factor in progressive loss of renal function. The kidney can be both a contributor to and a target of HTN. The functional integrity of the kidney is vital for the maintenance of cardiovascular homeostasis. Chronic activation of the renin system causes HTN and, ultimately, end-organ damage. Direct renin inhibitors (DRIs) inhibit plasma renin activity (PRA), the...