Somatic nuclear transfer is a cloning technique that shows great promise in the application to regenerative medicine. Although cloned animals are genetically identical to their donor counterparts, abnormalities in phenotype and gene expression are frequently observed. One hypothesis is that the cause of these abnormalities is due to epigenetic aberration. In this report, we focused our analysis...

While downregulation of excitatory amino acid transporter 2 (EAAT2), the main transporter removing glutamate from the synapse, has been recognized in bipolar disorder (BD), the underlying mechanisms of downregulation have not been elucidated. BD is influenced by environmental factors, which may, via epigenetic modulation of gene expression, differentially affect illness presentation. This study...

Abstract Epigenetic scarring of exhausted CD8 T (TEX) cells during chronic virus infections or cancer remains a major cell-intrinsic barrier to cell immunotherapies, including immune checkpoint blockade (ICB). For successful epigenetic reprogramming TEX cells, it is crucial identify and target the molecular mechanisms underlying terminal exhaustion. Previous work revealed that de novo DNA methy...

the most important risk factors for anxiety disorders include genes, early life stress, and current stress. these factors do not act independently but interact with each other throughout human development through examples such as epigenetic modifications and complex forms of learning. the neural substrate of pathological anxiety includes hyperactivity in the amygdala and other limbic brain regi...

The cloning of animals from adult cells has demonstrated that the developmental state of adult cells can be reprogrammed into that of embryonic cells by uncharacterized factors within the oocyte. More recently, transcription factors have been identified that can induce pluripotency in somatic cells without the use of oocytes, generating induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells. iPS cells provide a ...

Cloning enables the generation of both clinically normal and pathological individuals from the same donor cells, and may therefore be a DNA sequence-independent driver of phenotypic variability. We took advantage of cattle clones with identical genotypes but different developmental abilities to investigate the role of epigenetic factors in perinatal mortality, a complex trait with increasing pr...

It is well known that it impossible to clone an arbitrary quantum state. However, this inability does not lead directly no-cloning of coherence. Here, we show the coherence state which a stronger statement than 'no-cloning state'. In particular, with ancillary system as machine state, states whose greater on transformations are defined. Also, characterize class for cloning will be possible give...