Dear Editor Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is the most common behavioral disorder in children (1). Prevailing theories suggest that this disease is caused by the disruption of dopamine transmission in the frontal lobe and frontostriatal pathway (2). The prevalence of such a disorder worldwide is approximately 5.2–12% (1)(2). ADHD is one of the most common disorders followed by ...

Objective To study the epilepsy syndromes among severe epilepsies of infancy and assess their incidence, etiologies, outcomes. Methods A population-based cohort was undertaken with onset before age 18 months in Victoria, Australia. Two epileptologists reviewed clinical features, seizure videos, electroencephalograms to diagnose International League Against Epilepsy syndromes. Incidence, outcome...

PURPOSE Photosensitivity, a reaction of the brain to external photic stimulation, can be graded from 1 to 4, and is most frequently seen in the first decades of life. This study investigated photosensitivity in children with epilepsy. METHODS A retrospective study performed in the neuropaediatric department of the largest paediatric hospital in Kiel, treating patients at all medical care leve...

The recognition of epilepsy syndromes and attempts at their classi®cation has led to a burgeoning literature in this area. This body of research represents one of the most important advances in epileptology over the last 20 years. The addition of neuroradiological insights and, more recently, genetic discoveries have both enhanced our ability to diagnose and classify epilepsy syndromes and to u...

We report the case of a patient who presented various psychiatric syndromes at the time of evaluation – partial complex epileptic seizures, personality change, and severe depression, which eventually progressed to dementia – resulting from multiple cerebral infarctions of probable neuro-angiopathic origin, of unknown etiology. Aspects related to depression following cerebrovascular accidents, a...

Valproic acid (VPA) is considered to be a drug of first choice for the therapy of generalized and focal epilepsies, including special epileptic syndromes like the WEST-syndrome. The drug is usually well tolerated; rare serious complications may occur in some patients, including haemorrhagic pancreatitis, coagulapathies, bone marrow suppression, VPA-induced hepatotoxicity and encephalopathy. We ...