Background: The honey bee of the Apis mellifera species is main type cultivated in almost all countries world, including Indonesia. Honey has benefits various aspects, food, health, and beauty. Royal jelly a daily food menu as supplement to maintain increase health vitality. Purpose: Analyzing immunogenic toxinogenic proteins carpatica immunotherapy. Method: Conversion nucleotides into amino ac...

The role of epitope expression levels in CD8+ T cell priming has been controversial. Yet this parameter is of great importance in the design of rational approaches to optimize CTL responses to a variety of pathogens. In this paper we examine the influence of epitope production on CD8+ T cell priming by exploiting a system that allows a 200-fold range of cell surface epitope expression in vitro ...

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) glycoprotein H (gH) is the major neutralization target of VZV, and its neutralizing epitope is conformational. Ten neutralizing human monoclonal antibodies to gH were used to map the epitopes by immunohistochemical analysis and were categorized into seven epitope groups. The combinational neutralization efficacy of two epitope groups was not synergistic. Each epitop...

We previously demonstrated that the C-terminus of the capsid gene of porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2) is an immune reactive epitope displayed on the surface of virions. Insertion of foreign epitope tags in the C-terminus produced infectious virions that elicited humoral immune responses against both PCV2 capsid and the inserted epitope tags, whereas mutation in the N terminus impaired viral rep...

It has been recently reported by our group that dendrimeric constructs combining B- and T-cell epitopes from classical swine fever virus (CSFV) provided partial protection against experimental infection. This research evaluated four newly designed constructions while taking into account our previous work, including the direct implication that a T-cell epitope from the NS3 protein contributes to...

B13, one of the immunodominant antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi, is composed of repeats of a 12-amino-acid motif. Using synthetic peptides, the sequence FGQAAAGDK was previously shown to contain the B13 immunodominant epitope recognized by chagasic patients sera. To investigate the effects of neighboring sequences in the immunodominance, we tested serum recognition of two B13 sequences fused to La...

With the advent of class II tetramer technology, a tetramer-guided epitope mapping (TGEM) technique was developed for the identification of CD4+ T cell epitopes. This allowed the direct identification of epitopes recognized by the responding T cells, which were restricted to the single MHC allele of interest. However, as each individual carries multiple class II alleles, it would be advantageou...

Structure-Based Design of Hepatitis C Virus Vaccines that Elicit Neutralizing Antibody Responses to a Conserved Epitope. Title Structure-Based Design of Hepatitis C Virus Vaccines that Elicit Neutralizing Antibody Responses to a Conserved Epitope. Publication Type Journal Article Year of Publication 2017 Authors Pierce, BG, Boucher, EN, Piepenbrink, KH, Ejemel, M, Rapp, CA, Thomas, WD, Sundberg...

Short Read Alignment Mapping Metrics (SRAMM): is an efficient and versatile command line tool providing additional short read mapping metrics, filtering, graphs. aligners report MAPing Quality (MAPQ), but these methods generally are neither standardized nor well described in literature or software manuals. Additionally, third party quality programs typically computationally intensive designed f...

Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is one of the viral pathogens causing hepatitis in humans. HEV open reading frame 3 (ORF3) encodes a small multifunctional protein (VP13), which is essential for HEV infection. In this study, a linear epitope was identified in a polyproline (PXXP) motif from VP13 of genotype 1 HEV by using a monoclonal antibody. The epitope was detected in enzyme-linked immunosorbent ass...