BACKGROUND Studies on vitrectomy with and without internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) have yielded uncertain results regarding clinical outcomes and recurrence rates. OBJECTIVE To compare the clinical outcomes of vitrectomy with and without ILM peeling for idiopathic ERM. METHODS Databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, Goo...

PURPOSE To investigate the pathogenesis of idiopathic epiretinal membrane (ERM) from a biochemical perspective, the relationships between ERM and tryptase activity, a serine protease, and the levels of anti-type II collagen (anti-IIC) antibodies in the serum. PATIENTS AND METHODS Vitreous samples for measurement of tryptase activity were obtained from 54 eyes of 54 patients who underwent a vi...

Mycobacterium abscessus infections tend to respond poorly to macrolide-based chemotherapy, even though the organisms appear to be susceptible to clarithromycin. Circumstantial evidence suggested that at least some M. abscessus isolates might be inducibly resistant to macrolides. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the macrolide phenotype of M. abscessus clinical isolates. Inducib...

Manure storage facilities are critical control points to reduce antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) in swine manure slurry before the is land applied. However, little known about how exogenous chemicals entering may affect fate of ARGs. The objective this study was analyze impact six commonly used pit additives and four facility disinfectants on concentration ARGs slurry. Bench scale reactors, e...

The risk sphere in business is fast changing and expanding. Almost anything has become a risk factor that will have potent, direct, and far reaching impacts on business. This paper examines the intensity of enterprise risk management (ERM) practices among the Malaysian public listed companies. The paper espouses a ERM framework comprising fourteen important implementation elements and processes...

Introduction: The epithelial rests of Malassez (ERM) represent a group of cells in the periodontal ligament classically consisting of latent or quiescent structures associated with pathological processes. However, recent evidence shows that these structures cannot be considered only as cellular debris. The ERM is a major tissue structure, with functions in maintaining the homeostasis of periodo...

Evaluation for generalization performance of learning algorithms has been themain thread of machine learning theoretical research. The previous bounds describing the generalization performance of the empirical risk minimization (ERM) algorithm are usually establishedbased on independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) samples. In this paper we go far beyond this classical framework by esta...

The development of a functioning neural network relies on responses of axonal growth cones to molecular guidance cues that are encountered en route to their target tissue. Nerve growth factor (NGF) and neurotrophin-3 serve as attractive cues for chick embryo sensory growth cones in vitro and in vivo, but little is known about the actin-binding proteins necessary to mediate this response. The ev...

1) It is known that individual factors as cognitive, perception, emotion, and motivation may greatly influence on recovery from neurologic region. This study was to investigate the effects of environmental reinforcement through motivation to perform the tasks voluntarily on motor and cognition function in rats with focal ischemic brain injury. Focal ischemic brain injury was induced in Sprague-...