In spite of a global concern on the transfer of antibiotic resistances (AR) via the food chain, limited information exists on this issue in species of Leuconostoc and Weissella, adjunct cultures used as aroma producers in fermented foods. In this work, the minimum inhibitory concentration was determined for 16 antibiotics in 34 strains of dairy origin, belonging to Leuconostoc mesenteroides (18...

In Japan, the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) was introduced to the nation's routine immunization program in April 2013 and was replaced by the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) in November 2013. Distribution of serotypes and macrolide resistance genotypes was investigated for a total of 1097 (975 children, 122 adults) and 960 (873 children, 87 adults) clinical iso...

Cholera outbreaks occur each year in the remote coastal areas of Bangladesh and epidemiological surveillance and routine monitoring of cholera in these areas is challenging. In this study, a total of 97 Vibrio cholerae O1 isolates from Mathbaria, Bangladesh, collected during 2010 and 2014 were analyzed for phenotypic and genotypic traits, including antimicrobial susceptibility. Of the 97 isolat...

Particular genetic structures which—though they lack their own recombinase genes— can be excised in circular form thanks to extensive direct repeats (DRs) flanking the DNA segment undergoing excision have recently been described in both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (1–6). They carry mostly antibiotic resistance genes. The earliest and the latest three of the above-noted studies were...

Members of the Mycobacterium abscessus group (MAG) cause lung, soft tissue, and disseminated infections. The oral macrolides clarithromycin and azithromycin are commonly used for treatment. MAG can display clarithromycin resistance through the inducible erm(41) gene or via acquired mutations in the rrl (23S rRNA) gene. Strains harboring a truncation or a T28C substitution in erm(41) lose the in...

During the development of the mouse lung, the expression of a number of genes, including those encoding growth factors and components of their downstream signaling pathways, is enriched in the epithelium and/or mesenchyme of the distal buds. In this location, they regulate processes such as cell proliferation, branching morphogenesis, and the differentiation of specialized cell types. Here, we ...

Multidrug-resistant enterococci are considered crucial drivers for the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance determinants within and beyond a genus. These organisms may pass numerous resistance determinants to other harmful pathogens, whose multiple resistances would cause adverse consequences. Therefore, an understanding of the coexistence epidemiology of resistance genes is critical, but ...

This study examined differences in antibiotic-resistant soil bacteria and the presence and quantity of resistance genes in soils with a range of management histories. We analyzed four soils from agricultural systems that were amended with manure from animals treated with erythromycin and exposed to streptomycin and/or oxytetracycline, as well as non-manure-amended compost and forest soil. Low c...

Estrogen receptor methylation (ERM) is a frequent molecular alteration in adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this study, we sought to determine the clinical characteristics and prognostic significance of ERM in AML. ERM was determined for 268 patients who had leukemic blasts available for molecular analysis. ERM was measured by Southern blot analysis, and results were obtained for 261 patie...

Here we report the cloning of zebrafish erm and pea3 cDNAs, which are members of the PEA3 subgroup of Ets transcription factors. The expression patterns of these two genes were examined during zebrafish embryogenesis. Maternal mRNAs of both genes are detectable and transcripts are found ubiquitously until the late blastula, in the marginal zone of gastrula stages and in the presumptive fore- an...