risk assessment and management of petrochemical feed and product transportation pipelines is very important to preventing probable accidents. so, 60 pipelines evaluated by chemical exposure index and chlorine pipeline due to high hazard distances selected for relative risk analysis. the chlorine pipeline with 3468 meter length divided to 100 meter sections, and third party damage index (tpdi), ...

background: fire and explosion hazards are extremely important in processing units. this study was performed to identify the risk centers, the potential damage caused by fire and explosion, and the days of production cessation in the processing company. materials and methods: the present qualitative case study was conducted using dow’s index in 2015. the fire and explosion hazard index and leve...

Based on last years experience we can say, that problem of flood threat in an area has already exceeded engineer-hydrological, respectively water economy frame. There are clear indicions, which indicate, that this phenomenon needs a complex view. It means particularly knowledge of run-off relations, which are connected with time and spacial wide spread of rainfalls, but also with land cover and...

in semi arid area geomorphological impacts of dams are very major. dams, as man- made structures, have major impacts on river hydrology, primarly through in the timing, magnitude, and frequency of low and high flows, ultimately producing a hydrologic regime differing significantly from the pre-impoundment natural flow regime. despite the profiles of dams on river regulation for water resources ...

An evaluation of the risk to an exposed element from a hazardous event requires a consideration of the element’s vulnerability, which expresses its propensity to suffer damage. This concept allows the assessed level of hazard to be translated to an estimated level of risk and is often used to evaluate the risk from earthquakes and cyclones. However, for other natural perils, such as mass moveme...

 Events leading up to the release of toxic chemicals in the processing plants are one of the main hazards of chemical industries that can endanger employees and also people in neighborhood. In this study, DOW's Chemical Exposure Index (CEI) is used to determine hazard distances of possible toxic chemical releases in one of the South Pars gas refineries. To...

Over the past 10 years (2005-2015) there has been an increase in settlement land use Samin Sub-watershed, with average of 26.8 ha/year [1]. Land study area is also widely used as plantations and agriculture without regard to soil conditions that are easily eroded prone landslides. Inappropriate caused river siltation problems downstream flooding. The purpose this determine erosion rate Sub-wate...