Very preterm (VP, ≤30 wk gestational age) infants are at risk for impaired lung function, which significantly limits their ability to eat. A semielevated side-lying (ESL) position is a feeding strategy that may improve oral feeding by supporting breathing during feeding. The study evaluated the efficacy of the ESL position compared with the semielevated supine (ESU) position on physiological st...

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a once daily antiepileptic drug (AED) approved by the European Medicines Agency (EMA), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and Health Canada as an adjunctive therapy in adults with partial-onset seizures (POS). In humans and in relevant animal laboratory species, ESL undergoes extensive first pass hydrolysis to its major active metabolite eslicarbazepine that...

This article discusses four issues central to instructors’ conceptualisations of curricula for ESL writing instruction, citing findings from interviews with 48 highly skilled instructors of ESL writing in settlement and university programs in countries where English is the dominant language (Australia, Canada, New Zealand) or where English is an international language (Hong Kong, Japan, and Tha...

Poetry can offer a wide range of language learning opportunities to ESL learners if it’s taught interactively and linguistically. Poetry is embellished with rhythm, beautiful diction and elevated grammatical features. These features can serve as a powerful stimulus to ESL students in learning grammar, vocabulary and integrated language skills. Some of the researchers pointed out that Poetry was...

The present paper examines phonetic characteristics of the initial stop consonants of English uttered by ESL learners whose native tongues are Korean, Thai, and Mandarin Chinese. It examines VOT (voice onset time) values of initial stops in the three languages and compares them with those of English stops produced by ESL learners of the three languages. From the acoustic analysis, it can be sai...

_______________________ Research in second language acquisition and reading in particular indicate that certain literacy skills transfer across languages. This study examines the reading strategies used by advanced Korean and Chinese ESL learners. Particular attention is devoted to how word recognition and processing skills developed in learners’ native languages (L1) may influence the type of ...

Eslicarbazepine acetate (ESL) is a novel antiepileptic drug indicated for the treatment of partial-onset seizures. Structurally, it belongs to the dibenzazepine family and is closely related to carbamazepine and oxcarbazepine. Its main mechanism of action is by blocking the voltage-gated sodium channel. ESL is a pro-drug that is rapidly metabolized almost exclusively into S-licarbazepine, the b...

This paper examines the relationship of lexical richness to the quality of ESL learners’ oral narratives. A computational system is designed to automate the measurement of three dimensions of lexical richness, i.e., lexical density, sophistication, and variation, using twenty-five different metrics proposed in the language acquisition literature. This system is used to analyze large-scale data ...

The public comment period for the proposed May, 2015 Odor ESL Position Paper, Approaches to Derive Odor-Based Values, and proposed Odor ESL List ended in July 2015. The American Chemistry Council’s Center for Advancing Risk Assessment Science and Policy (ACC), Texas Chemical Council (TCC), Arkema Inc., and OXEA Corporation submitted comments. The TCEQ appreciates the effort put forth by these c...

This study was an examination of the relationship of lexical richness to the quality of ESL learners’ oral narratives. A computational system was designed to automate the measurement of three dimensions of lexical richness, i.e., lexical density, sophistication, and variation, using 25 different metrics proposed in the language acquisition literature. This system was used to analyze large-scale...