Abstract Water quality is declining due to the rise of urbanization, overpopulation, industrial production, climate change, non-compliance wastewater treatment plants, and agricultural waste . The mushrooming informal settlements along bank Diep River population growth in Dunoon compromises water. Inadequate sanitation disposal practices settlement are a major problem, leading contamination wat...

Informal settlement mapping is essential for planning, as well resource and utility management. Developing efficient ways of determining the properties informal settlements (when, where, who) critical upgrading services planning. Remote sensing data are increasingly used to understand built environments. In this study, we combine two sources data, very-high-resolution imagery time-series Landsa...

The empirical evidence from literature has disclosed that the extensive share of world’s population continues to live in informal settlements due economic, social, and welfare disparities. These possess attributes poor infrastructure utilities services. In reality, excessive housing prices, economic incapacity, insufficient technical abilities among people, they are forced such dilapidated sett...