Objective: Propofol is the most frequently used agent for intravenous anesthesia administration. However, during propofol injection, pain may develop in hand and forearm region cause unwanted situations. Different applications have been to prevent injection pain. Although lidocaine often proprofol pain, anesthetic ketamine, which has an analgesic feature, also preferred. In recent years, featur...

Early studies with propranolol and other betablockers, mainly employing intravenous administration, demonstrated elective and prophylactic control of supraventricular and ventricular tachyarrhythmias periand postoperatively. There has been particular focus on esmolol, which is an ultrashort acting beta1 selective antagonist that is rapidly hydrolysed by red cell esterases with a half life of ab...

INTRODUCTION The renal clearance of infused crystalloid fluid is very low during anaesthesia and surgery, but experiments in conscious sheep indicate that the renal fluid clearance might approach a normal rate when the adrenergic balance is modified. METHODS Sixty females (mean age, 32 years) undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery were randomized to control group and received only the ...

This prospective study was designed to compare the effectiveness of esmolol (either 100 mg or 200 mg) with a placebo in blunting the haemodynamic response to laryngoscopy and intubation. Seventy-five patients of ASA I or II scheduled for routine-surgery were selected and entered into a placebo-controlled study. Patients were randomly allocated to receive placebo, 100 mg or 200 mg of esmolol IV ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Laryngoscopy and intubation can cause hemodynamic response. Various medications may be employed to control that response. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of dexmedetomidine, fentanyl and esmolol on hemodynamic response. METHOD Ninety elective surgery patients who needed endotracheal intubation who were in American Society of Anesthesiology I-II group a...

Background—Adrenergic agents are commonly used in the treatment of chronic orthostatic intolerance with postural tachycardia syndrome (POTS). POTS may be associated with increased limb blood flow (“high flow”) and defective orthostatic vasoconstriction or decreased limb blood flow (“low flow”) and potentially with small blood volume. Methods and Results—We investigated the consequences of short...