after second world war, demand for oil increased and in 1970s reached to its maximum growth. and naturally, providing this level of demand depended on much more import from opec, especially from middle eastern members. contemporaneous, in the early 1970s, some opec governments stopped granting new concessions and starting to claim equity participation in the existing concessions, with a few of ...

The objective of this paper is to clarify the characteristics of alliance network that Japan belonged to after the World War II. On that alliance network, which Japan belonged to after the World War II, iterated prisoner's dilemma game will be played.

Introduction USAID's (United States Agency for International Development) War Victims' Fund was established in 1989. Since that time AID has provided a modest amount of funds each year to respond to the needs of people injured by war and civil strife in developing countries around the world. Recently, this has amounted to approximately five million dollars per year. As the needs in any single c...

Jews in Serbia always represented a micro-community. However, the interesting fact is that even in post-war period, the decline of Jewish population in Serbia continued. The Jewish communities mostly inhabited Belgrade and Vojvodina region (especially Bačka region). The study is based on statistical and historical data about the events concerning the extermination of the Jewish nation and herit...

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Japanese life expectancy increased by about 13.7 years during the first decade after World War II, despite the country's post-war poverty. Although it is known that medical progress explains part of this increase, roles of non-medical factors have not been systematically studied. This study hypothesizes that non-medical factors, in addition to medical factors, are associated with the rapid incr...

After World War II, Europe, especially western Europe and northern Europe, gradually stepped onto a path of social development that was different from America. Quite a lot of socialistic new factors came into being in the production relations, class relations, income distribution and superstructure, etc, in these countries, so that the capitalism in Europe presented obvious staggered qualitativ...

In this paper I survey and reinterpret the extensive literature on Europe’s Great Depression. I argue that Europe could not exploit its vast economic potential after 1918, because the war had not yet come to an end—indeed, it did not end before 1945. Both domestic and international institutions suffered from a lack of reciprocal trust and commitment, which can be clearly illustrated in the real...

I. After World War II, an all-encompassing effort was undertaken to eliminate for the future the risk of war between European countries which twice in this century had spread to the whole world. From the beginning, also economic cooperation arid monetary integration were politically motivated--by tying the European countries together in a common institutional framework and by rebuilding their e...

I n his 1959 Presidential Address to the American Economic Association, Arthur Burns (1960, p. 1) predicted, if not the end of business cycles in the United States, at least “progress towards economic stability.” The advent of stabilization policy, the end of bank runs, and structural changes in the economy all seemed destined to radically reduce short-run economic fluctuations in the postwar e...