This randomized controlled trial analyses the ability to control the oocyte retrieval schedule of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist cycles through the administration of oestradiol valerate during the luteo-follicular transition period prior to the initiation of ovarian stimulation. Eighty-six women undergoing ovarian stimulation for IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection were enrolled in...

We previously reported that diethylstilbestrol (DES) or estradiol valerate (EV) exposure at a dose of 0.10-0.12 mg/kg, or higher, per day, on alternate days, from postnatal days 2-12, resulted in abnormal penis development and infertility (H. O. Goyal et al., 2005, J. Androl. 26, 32-43). The objective of this study was to identify a critical developmental period(s) during which EV exposure resu...

Central-icaritin (CIT) is a flavonoid aglycone first discovered in our laboratory, which is an isomeric aglycone of icaritin (IT). We wanted to know whether CIT also had anti-osteoporosis activity. In this study, CIT was investigated in an ovariectomized rat (OVX) model. Fifty-six 6-month old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham operated group (Sham) and six OVX subgroups (...

Natural estrogens such as estradiol (E(2)) or its valerate ester (E(2)V) offer an alternative to ethinyl estradiol (EE). E(2)-containing combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have demonstrated sufficient ovulation inhibition and acceptable contraceptive efficacy. However, earlier formulations were generally associated with unacceptable bleeding profiles. Two E(2)V-containing preparations have bee...

Mean serum concentrations of oestradiol-17beta, oestrone, and oestrone sulphate in postmenopausal women were the same when measured up to six hours after treatment with either piperazine oestrone sulphate 1.5 mg or oestradiol valerate 2 mg. Maximum concentrations of oestradiol were less than those of oestrone, but oestrone sulphate reached concentrations about 30 times higher than those of oest...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the lowest effective dose of combined estrogen and progestogen (E(2)+P) add-back therapy during post-operative gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRHa) treatment for endometriosis in Chinese women. STUDY DESIGN The study enrolled 81 patients aged 18 to 50 years with stage III or IV endometriosis, as diagnosed by surgery. All patients were given GnRHa 3.6 mg by subc...