Humulus lupulus L. (hops) is a popular botanical dietary supplement used by women as a sleep aid and for postmenopausal symptom relief. In addition to its efficacy for menopausal symptoms, hops can also modulate the chemical estrogen carcinogenesis pathway and potentially protect women from breast cancer. In the present study, an enriched hop extract and the key bioactive compounds [6-prenylnar...

Adequate lymph node evaluation is recommended for optimal staging in patients with malignant neoplasms including breast cancer. However, the role of negative lymph nodes (LNs) remains unclear in breast cancer according to N substage (N1, N2, and N3). In this study, for the first time, we analyzed the prognostic significance of negative LNs in breast cancer patients. A critical relationship was ...

Background: It is an important clinical means to identify benign and malignant breast diseases caused by nipple discharge through the detection analysis of components in discharge. This study was aimed test expression significance carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), 153 (CA153) carcinoembryonic (CEA) cancer patients. 
 Methods: From January 2017 December 2018, 86 patients with invasive ducta...

background: due to its minimal systematic adverse effects, transdermal estrogen is widely used for the prevention of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.the present meta-analysis aimed to clarify the effects of transdermal estrogen on bone mineral density (bmd) of postmenopausal women.methods: studies were identified by searching electronic databases including cochrane library, medline, embase...

granymeh is a functional cytotoxic serine protease of nk cell granules,which expands the cell death-inducing repertoire of innate immune system.the purpose of this study was to determine granymeh(gzmh)level in breast cancer(bc) and healty women.this study was performed on 30 patients with bc and 30 healty woman.gzmh and estrogen levels were measured in cancer patients  and healty women subseque...

background: the role of estrogen and progesterone in stroke is suggested in previous studies, but yet is controversial. objectives: comparing the plasma levels of estrogen and progesterone and their ratio in ischemic stroke patients and healthy population. materials and methods: this cross-sectional comparative study was conducted from march to september of 2013. sixty-six female patients older...

alzheimer’s disease (ad) is a disorder with multiple pathophysiological causes, destructive outcomes, and no available definitive cure. pelargonidin (pel), an anthocyanin derivative, is an estrogen receptor agonist with little estrogen side effects. this study was designed to assess pel memory enhancing effects on the a rat amyloid beta 25-35 (aβ) intrahippocampal microinjections model of ad in...

Concentrations of cytosol estrogen (ERC) and cytosol progestin (PRC) receptors were assayed in malignant tissue specimens of 230 patients with endometrial cancer, and those of nuclear estrogen and nuclear progestin receptors, and 17 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activities in about 100 specimens. Endometrial cancer was at an early stage in 205 and advanced in 25 patients. As a supplement to...

Introduction: Acute skin wound healing is a complicated process comprising various phases. Recent animal studies have shown that steroid sex hormones such as estrogen maybe helpful in the regulation of several pathophysiologic stages that are involved in wound healing. In this study we examined the effects of topical estrogen in the treatment of traumatic facial wounds.   Materials and Methods:...