We report engineering Thermoanaerobacterium saccharolyticum, a thermophilic anaerobic bacterium that ferments xylan and biomass-derived sugars, to produce ethanol at high yield. Knockout of genes involved in organic acid formation (acetate kinase, phosphate acetyltransferase, and L-lactate dehydrogenase) resulted in a strain able to produce ethanol as the only detectable organic product and sub...

Abstract The extraction of bioactive compounds from malted quinoa flour using different water/ethanol mixtures under subcritical conditions was performed, and two mathematical models to describe the kinetics were compared. variables evaluated temperature, solvent mass flow rate composition, best selected a screening design. extract with highest antioxidant activity 95% inhibition DPPH, 2084 mg ...

Propolis is used by bees for holding a hive together, and for sterilizing the hive against microbial infections. Propolis contains a high concentration of flavonoids, which are used in a wide range of cosmetic and health food preparations for their antimicrobial properties. Propolis is usually dissolved in ethanol or ethanol/water mixtures to produce a tincture, and to remove insoluble material...

Alcohol drinking during adolescence is associated in adulthood with heavier alcohol drinking and an increased rate of alcohol dependence. Past research in our laboratory has indicated that peri-adolescent ethanol consumption can enhance the acquisition and reduce the rate of extinction of ethanol self-administration in adulthood. Caveats of the past research include reinforcer specificity, incr...

high performance liquid chromatography coupled with photodiode array detector (hplc-dad) has been reported to quantify isolated flavonoids or these compounds in complex biological matrices, such as chinese herbal drugs and products from factories. this work was designed, therefore, to develop an hplc-dad system to separate quercetin, luteolin and apigenin and to quantify them in extractive solu...

objective(s): oxidative stress has been established as a key cause of alcohol-induced hepatotoxicity. licochalcone b, an extract of licorice root, has shown antioxidative properties. this study was to investigate the effects and mechanisms of licochalcone b in ethanol-induced hepatic injury in an in vitro study. materials and methods: an in vitro model of ethanol-induced cytotoxicity in brl cel...

background: peak expiratory flow rate (pefr) is recommended as a tool for control of asthma. the purpose of this study was to determine the normal value of pefr in the healthy high school children in babol, iran. methods: this study was conducted on 470 healthy high school children (285 girls, 185 boys with the age between 14-18 years). for the determination of pefr we used mini wright peak flo...

to investigate the root anatomy and hydraulic conductivity of wheat cultivars, including shiraz, bahar, pishtaz, sistan, and yavaros, a series of controlled environment (growth chamber) experiments were hydroponically conducted at university college of dublin (ucd), ireland in 2010. bahar, pishtaz and sistan cultivars were employed as tolerant to drought and shiraz and yavaros as sensitive. twe...

in this study, the effect of several species of fermenting yeast and fermentation conditions (periodic aeration and temperature) on quality parameters of non-alcoholic beer is assessed. yeast starters with different inoculation percent were added separately into wort with determined gravity. wort was fermented for 48 h in different temperatures under aerobic condition or periodic aeration (ever...

evaluating drainage systems, exploring their strengths and weaknesses, provides a comprehensive perspective to designers and organizers for optimum design and implementation of guidelines for the future. this study was conducted at an experimental site consisting of three plots on a subsurface drainage network under operation in behshahr, a coastal region in northern iran. to evaluate system pe...