Protecting intellectual property and controlling the use of their inventions is key to the strategy of many firms. At the same time, in order to be successful in open collaborative innovation, firms need to share their knowledge with others. This chapter presents, for moderate specialists, some strategic considerations with respect to managing intellectual property in open collaborative innovat...

A common feature of many distributed systems, including web social networks, peer-to-peer systems and Ambient Intelligence systems, is cooperation in terms of information exchange among heterogeneous entities. In order to facilitate the exchange of information, we first need ways to evaluate it. The concept of conviviality was recently proposed for modeling and measuring cooperation among agent...

The problem considered is credential exchange between strangers when credentials are sensitive. A framework is presented for negotiating the exchange of sensitive property-based credentials that are exchanged to establish trust between clients and servers. The notion of a trust negotiation strategy is introduced and two strategies with very different properties are discussed. This article is ex...

Let Mk be a right k-module with endomorphism ring E = End(Mk). We prove that if E is an Abelian exchange ring then Mk has the full exchange property. We also give an extension of this result in the case E is regular.

Density-functional theory requires ever better exchange-correlation (xc) functionals for the ever more precise description of many-body effects on electronic structure. Universal constraints on the xc energy are important ingredients in the construction of improved functionals. Here we investigate one such universal property of xc functionals: the Lieb-Oxford lower bound on the exchange-correla...

Solid alkaline fuel cell is employed by polymer anion exchange membrane (AEM) that is permeable to hydroxide ion. A number of polymers have been proposed for AEM which include polysulfone (PSF), poly (phenylene oxide) (PPO), and poly (ether ether ketone) (PEEK). The purpose of this paper was to conduct a critical review on the development of PEEK polymer as AEM, particu...

This research was conducted to analyze the effect of ESOP Employee Stock Ownership Program, Leverage, Company Size, GCG, Exchange Rates and Deferred Taxes on Financial Performance Property Real Estate Companies Listing IDX for 2016-2020 period. Quantitative approach is method this research. The population totaled 65 listed Using purposive sampling sampling, sample in study amounted 9 companies....