The number of variables used by a first-order query is a fundamental measure which has been studied in numerous contexts, and which is known to be highly relevant to the task of query evaluation. In this article, we study this measure in the context of existential positive queries. Building on previous work, we present a combinatorial quantity defined on existential positive queries; we show th...

Existential constructions play an important role in the development of Generative Grammar. Their special natures urge linguists to pay painstaking effort to give them a unified account. At first we have a brief review of the relevant study of these constructions and examine their strong points and weakness. On the basis of their study, we assume that in existential constructions of SVO language...

Existential theory is derived from the existential philosophy movement of the nineteenth century. There were several individuals instrumental in the development of existential therapy including Bugental, Frankl, May, and Yalom. It is not a concise theory but is a loose collection of theories centering on the meaning or purpose of life. However it is applicable to counseling because of its focus...

We give a de nition, in the ring language, of Zp inside Qp and of Fp[[t]] inside Fp((t)), which works uniformly for all p and all nite eld extensions of these elds, and in many other Henselian valued elds as well. The formula can be taken existential-universal in the ring language, and in fact existential in a modi cation of the language of Macintyre. Furthermore, we show the negative result th...

BACKGROUND Palliative sedation can be used for refractory symptoms during end-of-life care. However, continuous palliative sedation (CPS) for existential distress remains controversial due to difficulty determining when this distress is refractory. OBJECTIVES The aim was to determine the opinions and practices of Canadian palliative care physicians regarding CPS for existential distress. ME...

We compare G7 life expectancies with the existential conditions from 1870 to date, using the real annual outputs of goods and services per capita as a measure of existential conditions. Wars destroy analytic relations, but life insurers eliminate catastrophic losses, and the outputs have an envelope representing the undisturbed existential condition. Both evolutions are S-functions with the sam...

In this article we offer an existential theory of well-being that is guided by Heidegger's later writings on "homecoming". We approach the question of what it is about the essence of well-being that makes all kinds of well-being possible. Consistent with a phenomenological approach, well-being is both a way of being-in-the-world, as well as a felt sense of what this is like as an experience. Dr...

This paper investigates an interesting type of existential construction in Tagalog and proposes an analysis of it in terms of Role and Reference Grammar. The construction in question is known as an ‘event existential’ and is exemplified in (1), and it contrasts with a ‘plain’ or ‘nominal’ existential construction in (2). Example (1) is from Aldridge (2011), who presents a Minimalist analysis of...

This paper shows the inhabitance in the lambda calculus with negation, product, and existential types is decidable. This is proved by showing existential quantification can be eliminated and reducing the problem to provability in intuitionistic propositional logic. By the same technique, this paper also shows existential quantification followed by negation can be replaced by a specific witness ...