نتایج جستجو برای: exosome activity

تعداد نتایج: 1137073  

Journal: :Cell 2001
Ching-Yi Chen Roberto Gherzi Shao-En Ong Edward L. Chan Reinout Raijmakers Ger J.M. Pruijn Georg Stoecklin Christoph Moroni Matthias Mann Michael Karin

Inherently unstable mammalian mRNAs contain AU-rich elements (AREs) within their 3' untranslated regions. Although found 15 years ago, the mechanism by which AREs dictate rapid mRNA decay is not clear. In yeast, 3'-to-5' mRNA degradation is mediated by the exosome, a multisubunit particle. We have purified and characterized the human exosome by mass spectrometry and found its composition to be ...

Journal: :Cell 2009
Fabien Bonneau Jérôme Basquin Judith Ebert Esben Lorentzen Elena Conti

The exosome is a conserved macromolecular complex essential for RNA degradation. The nine-subunit core of the eukaryotic exosome shares a similar barrel-like architecture with prokaryotic complexes, but is catalytically inert. Here, we investigate how the Rrp44 nuclease functions in the active ten-subunit exosome. The 3.0 A resolution crystal structure of the yeast Rrp44-Rrp41-Rrp45 complex sho...

2016
H-Y. Zhu Y-C. Gao Y. Wang C-Q. Zhang

OBJECTIVES Circulating exosomes represent novel biomarkers for multiple diseases. In this study, we investigated whether circulating exosome levels could be used as a diagnostic biomarker for steroid-induced osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH). METHODS We assessed the serum exosome level of 85 patients with steroid-induced ONFH and 115 healthy donors by Nanosight detection. We then asses...

2017
Yi-Fan Xu Bethany N. Hannafon Yan D. Zhao Russell G. Postier Wei-Qun Ding

Patients with localized pancreatic cancer (stage I and stage IIA) have a much higher survival rate than those presenting at later stages, yet early detection remains a challenge to this malignancy. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether exosome miRNA signatures are indicative of localized pancreatic cancer. Exosomes were collected from the conditioned media of pancreatic cancer cell line...

Journal: :Molecular cancer research : MCR 2008
Susanne Kammler Søren Lykke-Andersen Torben Heick Jensen

The drug 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) is a widely used chemotherapeutic in the treatment of solid tumors. Recently, the essential 3'-5' exonucleolytic multisubunit RNA exosome was implicated as a target for 5-FU in yeast. Here, we show that this is also the case in human cells. HeLa cells depleted of the inessential exosome component hRrp6, also called PM/Scl100, are significantly growth impaired rela...

2013
Debora Lika Makino Elena Conti

The RNA exosome is an evolutionarily conserved multi-protein complex involved in the 3' degradation of a variety of RNA transcripts. In the nucleus, the exosome participates in the maturation of structured RNAs, in the surveillance of pre-mRNAs and in the decay of a variety of noncoding transcripts. In the cytoplasm, the exosome degrades mRNAs in constitutive and regulated turnover pathways. Se...

2015
Yang Zhou Jianguo Zhu Géza Schermann Corina Ohle Katja Bendrin Rie Sugioka-Sugiyama Tomoyasu Sugiyama Tamás Fischer

Cryptic unstable transcripts (CUTs) are rapidly degraded by the nuclear exosome. However, the mechanism by which they are recognized and targeted to the exosome is not fully understood. Here we report that the MTREC complex, which has recently been shown to promote degradation of meiotic mRNAs and regulatory ncRNAs, is also the major nuclear exosome targeting complex for CUTs and unspliced pre-...

2016
Skye C McIver Koichi R Katsumura Elsa Davids Peng Liu Yoon-A Kang David Yang Emery H Bresnick

Since the highly conserved exosome complex mediates the degradation and processing of multiple classes of RNAs, it almost certainly controls diverse biological processes. How this post-transcriptional RNA-regulatory machine impacts cell fate decisions and differentiation is poorly understood. Previously, we demonstrated that exosome complex subunits confer an erythroid maturation barricade, and...

2012
Chang S. Lau David T. W. Wong

Saliva is a useful biofluid for the early detection of disease, but how distal tumors communicate with the oral cavity and create disease-specific salivary biomarkers remains unclear. Using an in vitro breast cancer model, we demonstrated that breast cancer-derived exosome-like microvesicles are capable of interacting with salivary gland cells, altering the composition of their secreted exosome...

2016
Susanne Kramer Sophie Piper Antonio Estevez Mark Carrington

Eukaryotic cells have several mRNA quality control checkpoints to avoid the production of aberrant proteins. Intron-containing mRNAs are actively degraded by the nuclear exosome, prevented from nuclear exit and, if these systems fail, degraded by the cytoplasmic NMD machinery. Trypanosomes have only two introns. However, they process mRNAs from long polycistronic precursors by trans-splicing an...

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