The uncertainty factor concept is integrated into health risk assessments for all aspects of public health practice, including by most organizations that derive occupational exposure limits. The use of uncertainty factors is predicated on the assumption that a sufficient reduction in exposure from those at the boundary for the onset of adverse effects will yield a safe exposure level for at lea...

Introduction Blue light is a part of the spectrum with the highest energy content, which can reach the retina. The damage that it can cause to the retina is called photochemical or blue-light retinal injury. For the retinal injury assessment of the photochemical and aphakic retinal hazards in the wavelength range of 300-700 nm, use of effective spectral radiance limits (W.m-2.sr-1) seems to be...

Exposure to metals at workplaces is well known and in many cases occupational studies led to an adoption of limit values. For airborne concentrations of substances as metals refer to the "Maximaleo Arbeitsplatz-Konzentration" (MAK) in Germany or the "Threshold Limit Value" (TLV) in USA. Biological monitoring consists of an assessment of overall exposure to chemicals at the workplace and in the ...

background: hairdressers are occupationally exposed to a number of agents in their workplace that result in respiratory symptoms and changes in pulmonary function. objective: to evaluate associations between occupational exposure and respiratory function and reported symptoms in a group of hairdressers compared to a control group. methods: a questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and workplace c...

A colorimetric detection method using amine-functionalized polymer films doped with a pH indicator has been developed for the rapid, sensitive, and quantitative detection of gaseous formaldehyde at concentrations well below the immediately dangerous to life or health (IDLH) limit. In 1 min, visible color changes are easily observed, even down to the permissible exposure limit (PEL) at 750 ppb. ...