We often use the notation ( ) to denote either ( ) or ( ). For example, ( )− ( ) denotes any one of ( )− ( ), ( )− ( ), ( )− ( ) and ( )− ( ). A point in R is called a point of local minimum (resp. local maximum) of a sample function if there exists a neighborhood of such that ( ) = ( ) (resp. ( ) = ( )). A point of either local minimum or local maximum is called an extreme-point. The following...

super eciency data envelopment analysis(dea) model can be used in ranking the performanceof ecient decision making units(dmus). in dea, non-extreme ecient unitshave a super eciency score one and the existing super eciency dea models do notprovide a complete ranking about these units. in this paper, we will propose a methodfor ranking the performance of the extreme and non-extreme ecient u...

Escherichia coli and other enteric bacteria survive exposure to extreme acid (pH 2 or lower) in gastric fluid. Aerated cultures survive via regulons expressing glutamate decarboxylase (Gad, activated by RpoS), cyclopropane fatty acid synthase (Cfa) and others. But extreme-acid survival is rarely tested under low oxygen, a condition found in the stomach and the intestinal tract. We observed surv...

Introduction: Extreme-altitudes (5500 m/18045 ft and higher) pose environmental, psychophysiological, infrastructural, logistic, and ergonomic challenges that question explorer’s adaptability and mission-efficiency due to isolation, monotony, intimidating environment and terse health conditions. The assessment of an explorer’s comprehensive adaptability in extreme-altitudes is ...

Super eciency data envelopment analysis(DEA) model can be used in ranking the performanceof ecient decision making units(DMUs). In DEA, non-extreme ecient unitshave a super eciency score one and the existing super eciency DEA models do notprovide a complete ranking about these units. In this paper, we will propose a methodfor ranking the performance of the extreme and non-extreme ecient units.

There is no theoretical underpinning that successfully explains how turbulent mixing is fed by wave breaking associated with nonlinear wave-wave interactions in the background oceanic internal wavefield. We address this conundrum using one-dimensional ray tracing simulations to investigate interactions between high frequency internal waves and inertial oscillations in the extreme scale separate...

We study the parabolic Anderson problem, that is, the heat equation ∂tu= u+ ξu on (0,∞)×Zd with independent identically distributed random potential {ξ(z) : z ∈ Zd } and localized initial condition u(0, x)= 10(x). Our interest is in the long-term behavior of the random total mass U(t) = ∑ z u(t, z) of the unique nonnegative solution in the case that the distribution of ξ(0) is heavy tailed. For...

This paper proposes extended least-squares (ELS) for ARMAX model identification of continuous-time and certain discrete-time systems. The schemes have a relaxed strictly positive real (SPR) condition for global convergence. The relaxed SPR scheme is achieved by introducing overparametrization and prefdtering but without introducing ill-conditioning. The schemes presented are the first such prop...

We study a static game played by a finite number of agents, in which agents are assigned independent and identically distributed random types and each agent minimizes its objective function by choosing from a set of admissible actions that depends on its type. The game is anonymous in the sense that the objective function of each agent depends on the actions of other agents only through the emp...