Visual Understanding is an increasing field of research thanks to the advances in image processing, object detection, classification, and advanced computational intelligence techniques. Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are one of these techniques which have been used extensively for this problem. This paper will introduce a new type of HMM, called Evidence Feed Forward Hidden Markov Models, that not ...

Microelectrode arrays (MEAs) are a promising new method for high throughput neuronal assays. These arrays permit non-invasive, detailed optical and multichannel electrophysiological interrogation of functional neuronal networks for drug development or neurotoxicity assessment. There has also been an effort by a number of groups to develop in vitro analogues of in vivo brain circuitry or physiol...

We present an algorithm to extract representations from multiple hidden layer, multiple output feedforward perceptron threshold networks. The representation is based on polytopic decision regions in the input space{ and is exact not an approximation like most other network analysis methods. Multiple examples show some of the knowledge that can be extracted from networks by using this algorithm,...

This paper discusses feed-forward chains near points of synchrony-breaking Hopf bifurcation. We show that at synchrony-breaking bifurcations the center manifold inherits a feed-forward structure and use this structure to provide a simplified proof of the theorem of Elmhirst and Golubitsky that there is a branch of periodic solutions in such bifurcations whose amplitudes grow at the rate of λ 1 ...

A prominent feature of gene transcription regulatory networks is the presence in large numbers of motifs, i.e., patterns of interconnection, in the networks. One such motif is the feed forward loop (FFL) consisting of three genes X, Y and Z. The protein product x of X controls the synthesis of protein product y of Y. Proteins x and y jointly regulate the synthesis of z proteins from the gene Z....

An overview of the current literature reveals a richness and complexity of anatomical, pharmacological and physiological features of the input systems to the archicortex. Evidence is cited to demonstrate that several afferent paths terminate on and directly excite hippocampal formation interneurons ("non-principal" cells) besides their contacts with pyramidal and granule cells (principal cells)...

CMOS image sensors have become very popular in low cost imaging devices. In order to realize images of high quality, the image sensors need to have a high resolution, be able to achieve a high Signal-to-Noise ratio (SNR) and have a wide dynamic range. To increase the spatial resolution of the image sensors, the pixel size has been scaling down allowing integration of more pixels in a given die ...

Image compression technique is used to reduce the number of its required in representing image, which helps to reduce the storage space and transmission cost. In the present research work back propagation neural network training algorithm has been used. Back propagation neural network algorithm helps to increase the performance of the system and to decrease the convergence time for the training...

A feed-forward network can be viewed as a graphical representation of parametric function which takes a set of input values and maps them to a corresponding set of output values (Bishop, 1995). Figure 1 shows an example of a feed-forward network of a kind that is widely used in practical applications. Nodes in the outputs hidden units inputs bias bias x 0 x 1 x d y 1 z 1 z 0 y c z M Figure 1: A...

Vision is fast and efficient. A novel natural scene can be categorized (e.g. does it contain an animal, a vehicle?) by human observers in less than 150 ms, and with minimal attentional resources. This ability still holds under strong backward masking conditions. In fact, with a stimulus onset asynchrony of about 30 ms (the time between the scene and mask onset), the first 30 ms of selective beh...