The proportion of women occupying academic positions in biological sciences has increased in the past few decades, but women are still under-represented in senior academic ranks compared to their male colleagues. Primatology has been often singled out as a model of "equal-opportunity" discipline because of the common perception that women are more represented in Primatology than in similar fiel...

Questions have been raised regarding which of the three legs of a triathlon influences the final finishing position. Some coaches subjectively believe that the swim and run are more important than the cycle, especially since the introduction of drafting during the cycle. This study analysed race position shifts between each of the three disciplines to assess the importance of the swim finish po...

landraces are a valuable source of genetic diversity for varietal improvement. despite, iran is the fifth squash and pumpkin producer, but no available information exists about the diversity of summer squash landraces. in order to evaluation of floral and fruit production characteristics among four iranian summer squash and a check cultivar of f1 hybrid ‘asma’, an experiment was conducted in a ...

Purpose: The present study aimed to compare Musculoskeletal Discomforts (MSDs) among six different common postures while working with laptop in female students of University of Tehran, Tehran City, Iran. Methods: This was a crossover trial study. Eighteen female students voluntarily and purposefully participated in all stages of the study. The study participants were randomly assigned into gro...

purpose: to evaluate ophthalmologists’ sitting position during ocular examination and surgery and to evaluate any correlation between musculoskeletal disorders and mean work time.   methods: this cross-sectional study was performed on ophthalmologists in isfahan, iran in different occupational positions including the office, during slitlamp examination and in the operating room. the evaluation ...

I discovered a phenomenon related to nonverbal sex differences in young Japanese couples in which the female tends to assume the left side position and the male tends to assume the right position (FM tendency) when the couple are walking on sidewalks and in parks. As the first step of the present study, some aspects of this phenomenon were examined through field observation. In total, 2,827 cou...

women's strong will to obtain higher education degrees and to work as faculty member of universities is an undeniable fact in iranian current society. nevertheless, female faculty members just like many other women encounter some career problems which can affect their emotions, attitudes and behaviors. this article aims at answering the three following questions: - what are the career prob...

this article is a study on the religious approach of pre-safavid iranian muslim miniaturists to female depiction based on quranic verses and other religious narratives. this article is to find the way of visual reflecting female admired qualifications based on islam view at original and novel miniatures. assuming that mentioned visual reflection is based on quranic and religious narratives or h...

intrathecal injection of sufentanil with adrenalin was performed in 45 cases (20 female, 25 male age range: 18-40 years). all injections were performed in the sitting position, with a number 20 intrathecal needle immersed in adrenalin. the cases were observed for 72 hours. maximum duration of analgesia was 12 hours (60%) and the minimum was 3 hours (13.3%). this method reduces the need for repe...

The spatial position of young animals within a brood affects their survival, so that marginal individuals are at greater risk of predation. Spatial brood structuring may be caused by differences in offspring size, age, hunger, or active parental manipulation through aggression. Nepotistic manipulation of brood structure would confer fitness benefits for parents accepting nondescendant young. Ho...