In [3], we started the investigation of compactness in fuzzy function spaces in FCS, the category of fuzzy convergence spaces as defined by Lowen/Lowen/Wuyts [8]. This paper goes somewhat deeper in the investigation of fuzzy function spaces using the notion of splitting and conjoining structures on fuzzy subsets. We discuss the connection to the exponential law and give several examples of such...

The host-guest complexation between an Alexa 488 labelled adamantane derivative and beta-cyclodextrin is studied by Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS). A 1:1 complex stoichiometry and a high association equilibrium constant of K = 5.2 x 10(4) M(-1) are obtained in aqueous solution at 25 degrees C and pH = 6. The necessary experimental conditions are discussed. FCS proves to be an excel...

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) has permitted the characterization of high concentrations of noncoding RNAs in a single living bacterium. Here, we extend the use of FCS to low concentrations of coding RNAs in single living cells. We genetically fuse a red fluorescent protein (RFP) gene and two binding sites for an RNA-binding protein, whose translated product is the RFP protein alon...

Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) is a method based on the correlation analysis of the temporal behaviour of fluorescence intensity fluctuations. It is commonly used to determine diffusion coefficients and concentrations of samples in the (sub)nano-molar concentration regime. Another quantity made accessible by FCS is the mean number of detected fluorescence photons per molecule and t...

The effect of a doubly hydrophobically end-capped water soluble polymer (C18-PEO150-C18) on the properties of an oil-in-water (O/W) droplet microemulsion (R ∼ 2.85 nm) has been studied as a function of the amount of added telechelic polymer. Macroscopically one observes a substantial increase of viscosity once a concentration of ∼5 hydrophobic stickers per droplet is surpassed and effective cro...

We characterize the molecular properties of autofluorescence and transiently expressed EGFP in the nucleus and in the cytoplasm of HeLa cells by fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and by photon counting histogram (PCH) analysis. PCH has been characterized and applied in vitro, but its potential for in vivo studies needs to be explored. Thus, this study mainly focuses on the characteriz...

The mitotic response to phytohaemagglutinin (PHA) was determined in lymphocytes of mothers and their newborn infants obtained at delivery and seven days later by measuring the rate of 125 I-idoxuridine uptake into DNA in lymphocytes cultured in their own plasma and after washing and resuspension in fetal bovine serum. There was no difference in the unstimulated counts of maternal lymphocytes ta...

cells as described previously.2} Fctal calf serum (Walkerville, MD) was delipidated by tl'ic method described by Chani and Knowles.3) The cells were routine]y maintained in Eagle7$ minimum essential medium with 6va) de]jpidated fetal calf serum (medium A) and ineubated at 37"C gncler a 5V{i C02 atmosphcre at 1OO% rclative humidity, The cetls were seeded in the mediurn A at 1.8 x 104 cellsi'cm2....

Fluorescence Correlation Spectroscopy (FCS) is used to determine concentrations and diffusion constants in the picoto nanomolar concentration region with broad applications in Biology and Chemistry. However, the method is correlated to a broad range of measurement parameters and other factors as background contributions which make quantitative results very often difficult to obtain. Quantitativ...

The suitability of mathematical models used to extract kinetic information from correlated data constitutes a significant issue in fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS). Standard FCS equations are derived from a simple Gaussian approximation of the optical detection volume, but some investigations have suggested this traditional practice can lead to inaccurate and misleading conclusions u...