Rapid thermal processing (RTP) is a new technique for performing various wafer fabrication operations such as annealing, oxidation and chemical vapor deposition in a single chamber. The success of the RTP depends on the precise control of wafer temperature by adjusting wall heat ̄ux. In the present investigation, an ecient recursive method is developed to solve the inverse heat transfer proble...

All individual phases of the ternary Cr–C–N system including stable and metastable ones can be deposited at low temperature by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). These growth processes are mainly based on the use of bis(benzene)chromium as chromium source and various co-reactives. Then, from a good control of the reactive gas phase, it is possible to combine these MOCVD processes t...

filter is one of the main components of embankment dams. by a simple but effective performance, filter protects the dam against erosion and soil scouring in impervious core caused by leakage (piping) and makes it safe. interaction between filter and erodible base soil is a complex phenomenon which is dependent upon several factors, and has challenged researchers for better understanding the fil...

In soot filtration simulation, there exists a discrepancy of scales. The filter media can be represented with a resolution of a micron, while the soot particles can be as small as 20 nanometers. A representative portion of the media is needed, but also the correct deposition behavior of the soot particles in order to achieve realistic clogging behavior. A hierarchy of simulations may help with ...

the error of inertial navigation systems increase versus time, therefore for achieving higher accuracy specially in long time navigations we have to use an aiding system. global positioning system is the best aiding system in this case. in this paper we first simulate a gps and ins; then simulate tightly integration and finally review adaptation method of kalman filtering a fuzzy adaptive kalma...

in this article, the effect of cells' radius on the behavior of wavelength switching optical filter andthe effect of the radius of the optical filters' key characteristics such as wavelength resonance onan optical filter based on photonic crystals, have been investigated. currently, the most commonapplied mechanism for designing optical filter based on photonic crystals is using twomechanisms s...

annihilation or reduction of each kind of noise blended in correct data signals is a field that has attracted many researchers. it is a fact that fuzzy theory presents full capability in this field. fuzzy filters are often strong in smoothing corrupted signals, whereas they have simple structures. in this paper, a new powerful yet simple fuzzy procedure is introduced for sharpness reduction in ...

In this study, asphaltene deposition from crude oil has experimentally and theoretically been studied using a test loop and an accurate temperature monitoring during a laminar flow. The effects of oil velocity and surface temperature on the thickness of asphaltene deposition were investigated. The results show that asphaltene deposition thickness increases by increasing surface temperature. As ...

The final corrections which might be made in the last two antireflection (AR) layers in the deposition of narrow bandpass filter designs such as might be used for Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing (DWDM) in the fiber optics communications field were discussed in a previous report. A broader range of techniques and simulations of those final layer adjustments are described here, how they ca...