Fingolimod is an oral, disease-modifying therapy used to treat multiple sclerosis (MS). However, severe viral infections, including disseminated varicella-zoster virus infection, herpes simplex encephalitis, varicella-zoster virus encephalitis and vasculopathy, or progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy, have been reported during fingolimod therapy. Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), ...

AIM Amiselimod (MT-1303) is a selective sphingosine 1-phosphate 1 (S1P1 ) receptor modulator which is currently being developed for the treatment of various autoimmune diseases. Unlike some other S1P receptor modulators, amiselimod seemed to show a favourable cardiac safety profile in preclinical, phase I and II studies. The aim of the current study was to characterize the cardiac effects of am...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the influence of Fingolimod treatment on B-cell subset composition and function in multiple sclerosis patients and its potential clinical relevance. METHODS Subset composition and cytokine production of B cells derived from peripheral blood mononuclear cells from multiple sclerosis patients under Fingolimod treatment, untreated multiple sclerosis patients and healthy con...

BACKGROUND Approximately one-third of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) are unresponsive to, or intolerant of, interferon (IFN) therapy, prompting a switch to other disease-modifying therapies. Clinical outcomes of switching therapy are unknown. This retrospective study assessed differences in relapse rates among patients with MS switching from IFN to fingolimod or glatiramer acetate (GA) i...

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disease of the brain and spinal cord. Fingolimod is an oral drug which modulates the S1P receptor and is used for relapsing remitting form of MS and can causes rebound activity if it is ceased even in a short period of washout time.   Case Report: Here, we introduce a young girl, a known case of MS, who developed revers...

The ability of the Blood Brain Barrier (BBB) to maintain proper barrier functions, keeping an optimal environment for central nervous system (CNS) activity and regulating leukocytes' access, can be affected in CNS diseases. Endothelial cells and astrocytes are the principal BBB cellular constituents and their interaction is essential to maintain its function. Both endothelial cells and astrocyt...

BACKGROUND The oral sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor modulator fingolimod (FTY720) was recently approved for the treatment of relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis. To date, data about a possible recurrence of disease activity after discontinuation of fingolimod treatment are scarce. OBJECTIVE To describe a patient who discontinued fingolimod treatment after a local malignant melanoma was di...

Fingolimod is an oral sphingosine-1-phosphate-receptor modulator which reduces the recirculation of immune cells and may also directly target glial cells. Here we investigate effects of fingolimod on expression of astroglial glutamate transporters under pro-inflammatory conditions. In astrocyte cell culture, the addition of pro-inflammatory cytokines led to a significant downregulation of gluta...

BACKGROUND Dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod are oral disease-modifying therapies approved to treat relapsing multiple sclerosis. Prior observational studies and our previous 12-month investigation showed comparable clinical efficacy. OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to assess real-world efficacy and discontinuation of dimethyl fumarate and fingolimod over 24 months in patients with mul...

INTRODUCTION Limited data are available on the real-world effectiveness of newer oral disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) in multiple sclerosis. The purpose of this study was to retrospectively compare the real-world effectiveness of dimethyl fumarate (DMF), fingolimod, teriflunomide, and injectable DMTs in routine clinical practice based on US claims data. METHODS Patients newly-initiating DM...