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past earthquakes have demonstrated that old rc bridges may be seismically vulnerable. bridge responses during the last decades illustrated the necessity of the seismic assessment of bridges especially those which were designed with old codes. in this research an existing concrete bridge representative of the most common bridges in the highway system in iran are studied. push over and nonlinear ...

Design optimization of cable-stayed bridges is a challenging optimization problem because a large number of variables is usually involved in the optimization process. For these structures the design variables are cross-sectional areas of the cables. In this study, an efficient metaheuristic algorithm namely, momentum search algorithm (MSA) is used to optimize the design of cable-stayed bridges....

Polyhydroxyethylmethacrylate polymers (poly-HEMA) form hydrogels that provide an excellent alternative to agar in the production of salt bridges for use in bioelectrochemical experiments. A method for the simple production of poly-HEMA salt bridges is described. The poly-HEMA bridges were compared with agar bridges of similar geometry. Whereas poly-HEMA salt bridges have a conductivity that is ...

corrosion of steel reinforcement is one of the most prevalent causes of reinforced concrete (rc) structures deterioration in chloride-contaminated environments. as a result, evaluating the impact of any possible corrosion-induced damages to reinforced concrete bridges strongly affects management decisions: such as inspection, maintenance and repair actions. the corrosion propagation phase is a ...

Abstract Cable force estimation is essential for security assessment of cable-stayed bridges. methods based on the relationship between cable and frequency have been extensively studied used during both construction phase service phase. However, effect induced by inclination angle not included in establishment frequency-cable as horizontal model normally employed. This study aims to investigate...

Objectives: This study aims to assess the prevalence of minimal intervention dentistry (MID) treatment planned during undergraduate clinical teaching. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective audit, records from 108 dental students were collected categorized into three cohorts; 2009/2014, 2010/2015, 2011/2016. The number direct restorations [amalgam (AR) composite (CR)], fixed partial prost...

A meta-analytic technique was used to estimate the survival of implants supporting bridges or single crowns in partially edentulous patients. A survey of the literature revealed 66 studies, published between 1986 and 1996. Nine studies on single implants and 10 studies on fixed partial dentures met the inclusion criteria for the meta-analysis. Data from a total of 2686 implants, 570 single crow...

a reliability analysis of suspension bridges against buffeting failure due to gustiness of wind velocity is carried out using the concept of pra (probabilistic risk analysis) procedure. for this purpose, the bending stresses at the critical nodes of the bridge deck are obtained for buffeting forces using a spectral analysis technique and a finite element approach. for the purpose of reliability...

The mechanism of self-organization resulting in coordinated collective motion has received wide attention from a range of scientists interested in both its technical and biological relevance. Models have been highly influential in highlighting how collective motion can be produced from purely local interactions between individuals. Typical models in this field are termed 'metric' because each i...