The current study addressed two important concerns, one pertinent to the impact of PDE-5 inhibitor (tadalafil) on morphine-induced analgesia and the second relevant to its influence on morphine-induced oxidative stress in two different pain models, the the tail-flick test (representing an acute thermal phasic pain model ) and the formalin test (representing an inflammatory tonic pain model ). T...

The first step in smelling is capture of odorant molecules from the surrounding fluid. We used lateral flagella of olfactory antennules of crabs Callinectes sapidus to study the physical process of odor capture by antennae bearing dense tufts of hair-like chemosensory sensilla (aesthetascs). Fluid flow around and through aesthetasc arrays on dynamically scaled models of lateral flagella of C. s...

The present study investigated the effects of intrathecal administration of ProTx-II (tarantula venom peptide) and A803467 (5-[4-chloro-phenyl]-furan-2-carboxylic acid [3,5-dimethoxy-phenyl]-amide), selective Nav1.7 and Nav1.8 antagonists, respectively, on thermal hyperalgesia in a painful diabetic neuropathy model of mice. Intrathecal administration of ProTx-II at doses from 0.04 to 4 ng to di...

BACKGROUND Cisplatin is an effective antineoplastic drug used extensively in the treatment of malignancies. It induces painful peripheral neuropathy at high doses. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) on cisplatin-induced peripheral neuropathic pain by using the tail-flick test. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was performed using male Wistar ...

The l-isomer of methadone possesses opioid activity, whereas the d-isomer is weak or inactive as an opioid. Both d- and l-methadone have been shown to bind to the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor. To determine whether d-methadone has functional, in vivo NMDA receptor antagonist activity, the antinociceptive effects of d-methadone were evaluated in the rat tail-flick and formalin tests. Cumu...

The analgesic efficacy of cholinergic agonists and anticholinesterase agents has been widely recognized. The analgesic effect obtained by activating cholinergic mechanisms, however, seems to depend on the experimental pain model utilized for its evaluation. The antinociceptive effect of intraspinal neostigmine was examined in rats submitted concurrently to the tail flick and formalin tests. Neo...