The occurrence of entomopathogenic fungi isolated from stored grain insect pests sampled from various geographical regions of Punjab, Pakistan, was investigated. In total, 25,720 insects from six different species were evaluated, and 195 isolates from 24 different fungal species were recovered. These included the Ascomycetes Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo) Vuillemin (Hypocreales: Clavic...

The general populace associates the arms race with nations preparing for or attempting to avoid conflicts by developing and divulging their military superiority. Unfortunately, it is not just nations that engage in excessive preparation: so do cities. For example, the City of Davis, California, population 66,000 residents and 40,000 students (University of California, Davis) acquired a Mine Res...

We carried out trials on the commercial applications of nitrogen in different industrial structures, using phosphine-susceptible and -resistant populations three stored product beetle species, red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) Curculionidae), saw-toothed grain Oryzaephilus surinamensis Silvanidae). Twelve were conduct...

Late-instar larvae, pupae, and adults of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst), the red flour beetle, or Tribolium confusum (DuVal), the confused flour beetle, were exposed for variable durations at 36–54 1C. Beetles were placed in laboratory ovens set at a baseline of 27 1C, the temperature was increased by 0.1 1C per minute until the target temperature was achieved, and beetles were then held for spec...

The antenna was the first arthropod ventral appendage to evolve non-leg identity. Models of antennal evolution have been based on comparisons of antennal and leg identity specification mechanisms in Drosophila melanogaster, a species in which appendages develop from highly derived imaginal discs during the larval period. We test for conservation of the Drosophila antennal identity specification...

Two field strains of the Indianmeal moth, Plodia interpunctella (Hübner); red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum (Herbst); and lesser grain borer, Rhyzopertha dominica (F.), and one field strain of the rusty grain beetle, Cryptolestes ferrugineus (Stephens), were collected from hard red winter wheat stored on farms in northeastern Kansas. Fifty eggs of P. interpunctella and 25 beetle adults of e...