Independent gear-shifting actuation systems, which are based on linear electromagnetic actuators (LEMAs), have tremendous potential to minimize the shifting duration of automated mechanical transmission (AMT). A velocity estimator based on the measurements of current is designed to achieve sensorless control of the actuator by using only electrical subsystem, thus avoiding the use of a complete...

The discharge process has undergone major changes in many river basins throughout the world as a result of simultaneous influences global climate change and human activity. Flow duration curves (FDCs) are crucial indicators basins’ hydrological processes. However, it is challenging to compare FDCs quantitative way. This study will identify best function with which fit flow curve semi-arid regio...

o bjectives: the aim of the present randomized clinical trial was to evaluate marginal bone loss around two types of implants modified at the neck area: nobel active and nobel replace groovy, both manufactured by nobel biocare. materials and methods: a total of 25 nobel active and 21 nobel replace groovy implants were included in the present study. the implants were placed based on the relevant...

low calorie diets are always difficult for obese subjects to follow and lead to metabolic and behavioral adaptation. therefore, we evaluated the effect of caffeine treatment with calorie shifting diet (csd) on weight loss. female subjects (n=98; bmi≥25) completed 4-weeks control diet, 6-weeks csd (3 repeated phases; each 2-weeks) and 4-weeks follow-up diet, with or without caffeine treatment (5...

In water quality management, pollution control strategies have been sought to accord with the assimilative capacity of water bodies so as to preserve water quality. The waste load allocation (WLA) is a useful approach to determine the allowable loading of pollution sources in water quality management. For any WLA, a particular water body condition is needed as a basic scenario under which the r...

Gil Kalai introduced the shifting-theoretic upper bound relation to characterize the f -vectors of Gorenstein* complexes (or homology spheres) by using algebraic shifting. In the present paper, we study the shifting-theoretic upper bound relation. First, we will study the relation between exterior algebraic shifting and combinatorial shifting. Second, by using the relation above, we will prove ...

the changing demands on the health sectors in low- and middle-income countries especially sub-saharan african countries continue to challenge efforts to address critical shortages of the health workforce. addressing these challenges have led to the evolution of “non-physician clinicians” (npcs), that assume some physician roles and thus mitigate the continuing shortage of doctors in these count...

Prior research has found that exposure to news frames can cause emotional responses to political issues. Yet, little is known about how different combinations of news frames and issues relate to discrete emotions and whether these emotions, in turn, affect issue perceptions. The present study investigates these questions by testing whether (a) the effects of news articles, featuring highly vers...