We studied the pulmonary vascular response to hypoxia and associated transvascular flux of fluid into the lungs of newborn lambs. After a 2-hour baseline period, 14 unanesthetized lambs, 1-3 weeks old, breathed 10-12% oxygen in nitrogen for 3-6 hours. We measured steady state lung lymph flow, pulmonary arterial and left atrial pressures, blood flow to the lungs, and the concentration of protein...

Clinical diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) is difficult due to the disease’s inconsistent clinical presentation. Furthermore, owing to the paucibacillary nature of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), traditional techniques for detecting acid-fast bacilli have limitations. Hence, isolating mycobacteria from CSF by culture is a challenge. There is a dire need to improve, accelerate, and enhance is...

This chapter evaluates and compares the indoor performance of different concentrations non gelatinized starch in drilling fluid, modified at 80°C, then aged high temperature. Taking plastic viscosity (PV) filtration loss (FL) as main evaluation indexes, a formula with better was selected additive used follow-up study. At same time, inhibition water-based fluid investigated.

Edema formation in acute inflammation can be induced through lowering of interstitial fluid pressure (Pif) and seems to involve dynamic t3l integrin-mediated interactions between dermal cells and extracellular matrix fibers. The present experiments investigate the role of I31 integrins in the control of Pif. The anti-inflammatory drug a-trinositol (1,2,6D-myo-inositol trisphosphate) stabilizes ...

The rheological and filtration properties of drilling mud under down-hole conditions may be very different from those measured at ambient pressures and temperatures at the surface. This paper presents the results of an experimental investigation into the temperature and salinity and pH effects on drilling mud rheological and filtration properties. Results are given from tests on water base mud ...

In this study, synthetic sulfonated polymers were used in order to enhance the rheological properties of drilling fluids. The capability of these polymers in reducing the effects of environmentally friendly, but harmful, pollutants such as cement, calcium chloride, gypsum as well as pH changes were investigated. In the present work, two sulfonated synthetic polymers, namely Polythin and Polydri...

Reptilian lungs are potentially susceptible to fluid disturbances because they have very high pulmonary fluid filtration rates. In mammals, pulmonary surfactant protects the lung from developing alveolar edema. Reptiles also have an order of magnitude more surfactant per square centimeter of respiratory surface area compared with mammals. We investigated the role of reptilian surfactant 1) in t...

NOVEMBER 2005 P ositioned at various stages during bioprocessing, depth filters are used as prefilters that clarify fluid streams to protect, prolong the life, and increase the efficiency of final (sterilizing) filters, chromatography columns, and other separation technologies. Depth filters are particularly well-suited for use in prefiltration during bioprocessing, removing large contaminants ...

STARLING (1894, 1896) described the basic forces responsible for producing fluid shifts between the circulating blood and the surrounding tissue spaces. On page 324 of his classical article entitled "On the absorption of fluids from the connective tissue spaces," Starling described how capillary pressure determines transudation into the tissues and the osmotic pressure of the proteins determine...

Pulmonary oedema lasting six days occurred in a 68 year old man after sniffing cocaine. He also had evidence of parenteral self-administration of heroin. Pulmonary microvascular filtration pressure and permeability were normal. Delayed resolution of the pulmonary oedema may have been caused by a cocaine-induced impairment of sodium and thus fluid transport across alveolar epithelium. Recognitio...